珠海市成年居民高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率及其影响因素分析

王超; 叶浩森; 徐郁; 赵金利; 滕勇勇; 杨婷婷; 李静; 卢祖洵

doi:10.11847/zgggws1116818

珠海市成年居民高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率及其影响因素分析

Rates and impact factors of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control among adult community residents in Zhuhai city

摘要

摘要:
目的了解广东省珠海市成年居民高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率及其影响因素，为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。
方法于2015年3 — 6月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法在珠海市7个行政区抽取3 150名 ≥ 18岁成年常住居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。
结果珠海市3 150名成年居民中，高血压患者718例，患病率为22.79 %；高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为74.37 %、61.98 %和29.39 %。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄 ≥ 45岁、家庭人均月收入3 000～4 999元、参加体育锻炼、正常体重、超重、肥胖的珠海市成年居民高血压知晓率均较高，文化程度高中/中专的珠海市成年居民高血压知晓率较低（均P < 0.05）；年龄 ≥ 45岁、家庭人均月收入1 000～1 999和3 000～4 999元、参加体育锻炼的珠海市成年居民高血压治疗率均较高，饮酒和每日水果摄入 ≥ 200 g的珠海市成年居民高血压治疗率均较低（均P < 0.05）；饮酒的珠海市成年居民高血压控制率较低（P = 0.036）。
结论珠海市成年居民高血压患病率较高，知晓率、治疗率和控制率尚待改善，相关部门应积极开展健康教育，培养居民健康意识，提高高血压知晓、治疗和控制水平。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the statuses of hypertension awareness, treatment and control and their influencing factors among adult community residents in Zhuhai city and to provide evidences for hypertension prevention and control.
Methods Totally 3 150 residents ≥ 18 years were randomly selected from 7 administrative districts of Zhuhai municipality from March to June 2015. A questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among the participants.
Results Among the participants, 718 were identified as hypertensive and the overall prevalence rate of hypertension was23.56%. The rates of hypertension awareness, treatment and control for all the participants were 74.37%, 61.98% and 29.39%, respectively. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that the participants aged ≥ 45 years, with a family monthly income of 3 000 – 4 999 RMB yuan per capita, participating in physical exercise, with normal weight, being overweight or obesity were more likely to have a high hypertension awareness, but those with the education of senior high school/technical secondary school education were more likely to have a low awareness hypertension (all P < 0.05); among the participants with hypertension, those aged ≥ 45 years, with a family monthly income of 1 000 – 1 999 or 3 000 – 4 999 RMB yuan per capita, and participating in physical exercise were more likely to have a high hypertension treatment rate and those having alcohol consumption and taking 200 grams of fruits per day were more likely to have a low hypertension treatment rate (all P < 0.05); whereas, the hypertensive participants having alcohol drinking were more likely to have a low hypertension control rate (P = 0.036).
Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension is relatively high and the hypertension awareness, treatment and control rates need to be improved among the adult community residents in Zhuhai city. The results suggest that health education on hypertension awareness and treatment should be promoted among adult residents of Zhuhai city.

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