Objective  To examine the rate and influencing factors of awareness on basic public health service (BPHS) among migrant population and to provide references for implementing BPHS projects and promoting the equalization of BPHS among migrant populations.

  Methods  Three cities (Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen) were selected as the research sites; two districts were randomly selected in each city and five neighborhoods were selected in each district; and 100 migrant people aged 15 years and older and residing in the neighborhood more than one month were recruited. Then, we conducted a questionnaire survey on awareness and relevant factors of BPHS among a total of 2 504 migrant people selected.

  Results  Among the participants, the overall awareness rate of BPHS was only 37.5%; three items of BPHS with a higher awareness rate were vaccination (34.4%), establishment of resident health records (30.4%), and maternal health management (28.2%) and the three with a lower awareness rate were management on traditional Chinese medicine (4.2%), management of patients with severe mental illness (5.5%), and child health management (7.6%), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors influencing the awareness rate of BPHS were gender, age, migration stability, housing situation, weekly working hours, and self-evaluated health.

  Conclusion  The rate of awareness on BPHS is low and there are disparities in the awareness on various BPHS items and between the awareness rate and utilization rate of BPHS items among migrant population in China. The results suggest that comprehensive and flexible education programs on BPHS should be promoted among migrant populations.