宁波市江北区2013 — 2017年度居民癌症高风险评估及临床筛查结果分析

龚静; 元国平; 林寅君; 李辉; 高宇萌; 徐奋奋

doi:10.11847/zgggws1119564

宁波市江北区2013 — 2017年度居民癌症高风险评估及临床筛查结果分析

Outcomes of high risk assessment and clinical screening on cancer among community residents in Jiangbei district of Ningbo city: 2013 – 2017

摘要

摘要:
目的评估浙江省宁波市江北区2013 — 2017年度居民癌症高风险并分析临床筛查结果，为癌症患者的早诊早治和管理提供参考依据。
方法采用整群随机抽样方法于2013年12月 — 2017年7月在宁波市江北区抽取5个街道22 700名40～74周岁常住居民，采用国家癌症中心开发的防癌高风险评估问卷和软件系统评估肺癌、上消化道癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌的高风险人群并进行临床筛查，分析此5种癌症的高风险率、筛查率和检出率。
结果宁波市江北区2013 — 2017年度完成癌症高风险评估的22 700名40～74周岁居民中，进行临床筛查者6 550人次，共检出660例癌症或疑似癌症和癌前病变；肺癌、上消化道癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌的高风险率分别为19.82 %、39.01 %、13.29 %、12.21 %和4.69 %，筛查率分别为45.73 %、16.33 %、61.25 %、18.11 %和65.35 %；肺癌或疑似肺癌、上消化道癌、肝癌或疑似肝癌、大肠癌和乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）4～5级检出率分别为1.55 %、0.69 %、0.11 %、0.40 %和2.87 %。
结论宁波市江北区2013 — 2017年度居民肺癌、上消化道癌、肝癌和结直肠癌患病风险较高，开展癌症早诊早治工作有利于早期发现癌症，提高患者的早期诊治率、生存率和生存质量。

Abstract:
Objective To assess high cancer risk and to analyze results of clinical screening on cancers among community residents in Jiangbei district of Ningbo city, Zhejiang province between 2013 and 2017 and to provide references for early cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Methods Using cluster random sampling, we selected totally 28 000 permanent residents aged 40 – 74 years in 5 communities of Jiangbei district for four waves of survey during the period from December 2013 to July 2017. We identified individuals at high risk of lung, upper gastrointestinal, liver, colorectal, and breast cancer among the participants based on the results of the High Cancer Risk Screening Questionnaire and Assessment Software Package developed by National Cancer Center; then we conducted clinical screening examinations among the participants at high cancer risk.
Results The overall response rate of the four waves of survey was 81.07%. Totally 6 550 person times of screening examination were conducted and 660 diagnosed or suspected malignancies and precancerous lesions were identified among the 22 700 participants completing the surveys. Among all the responders, the proportion of the individuals assessed at high risk of lung, upper gastrointestinal, liver, colorectal, and breast cancer were 19.82%, 39.01%, 13.29%, 12.21%, and 4.69% and of the individuals at high risk of the 5 malignancies, 45.73%, 16.33%, 61.25%, 18.11%, and 65.35% completing relevant clinical examinations, respectively. The overall detection rate of diagnosed or suspected lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, diagnosed or suspected liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and 4 or 5 category of breast imaging report and data system (BI-RADS) were 1.55%, 0.69%, 0.11%, 0.40%, and 2.87%, respectively.
Conclusion The risk of lung, upper gastrointestinal, liver and colorectal cancer are relatively high among 40 – 74 years old community residents of Jiangbei district of Ningbo city, suggesting that early diagnosis and treatment of cancer should be conducted in the population.

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