Objective  To examine the cognition of human papillomavirus (HPV)- and HPV vaccine-related knowledge and its influential factors among childbearing women with scheduled HPV vaccine inoculation and to provide evidences for developing strategies on HPV vaccine promotion.

  Methods  During March 2018 in Shenzhen city, we conducted a mobile application-based on-line survey among 3 327 women at ages of 20 – 45 years recruited from a population with scheduled vaccination of HPV vaccine. A self-designed questionnaire on HPV vaccine-related knowledge was used in the survey.

  Results  Of all the participants, 79.7% were scaled with higher scores for cognition on HPV- and HPV vaccine-related knowledge. Main factors influencing the cognition included being a medical staff (odds ratio OR = 5.630, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 2.654 – 11.984), with an annual income of less than 50 000 RMB yuan (OR = 1.638, 95% CI: 1.140 – 2.354), without a relative or family member having ever suffered from cervical cancer (OR = 0.604, 95% CI: 0.387 – 0.943), not having ever heard of vaccination for prevention of flu or pneumonia (OR = 0.669, 95% CI: 0.541 – 0.827), ever consulting a doctor for information about HPV screening and HPV vaccine vaccination (OR = 5.112, 95 %CI: 3.483 – 7.501), acquiring relevant information from family members or friends (OR = 2.888, 95% CI: 2.325 – 3.587), ever attending relevant public lecture in hospital or in school (OR = 4.354, 95% CI: 2.535 – 7.478), acquiring relevant information from public education programs (OR = 2.879, 95% CI: 2.250 – 3.685), acquiring relevant information via radio/television/internet (OR = 7.183, 95% CI = 5.770 – 8.941), and acquiring relevant information via newspaper or journals (OR = 2.602, 95% CI: 1.838 – 3.683).

  Conclusion  The cognition on on HPV- and HPV vaccine-related knowledge is at a high level among childbearing women with scheduled HPV vaccine vaccination and the cognition level is higher among the women with high education and annual income. Targeted strategies need to be developed for HPV vaccine promotion in the population.