幼儿屏幕时间与父母因素关系

胡春梅; 吕晓; 何玲玲

doi:10.11847/zgggws1137135

幼儿屏幕时间与父母因素关系

doi: 10.11847/zgggws1137135

重庆文理学院情绪和心理健康实验室，重庆 402160

基金项目: 2020年度教育部人文社会科学研究项目（20XJA190002）；重庆市永川区社会事业和民生保障项目（2020CC1301）；重庆市教科规划项目（2018 – GX – 011）

详细信息

作者简介:
胡春梅（1977 – ），女，四川广汉人，教授，硕士，研究方向：儿童心理健康

通讯作者:
何玲玲，E-mail：20040009@cqwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R 179
计量
- 文章访问数: 94
- HTML全文浏览量: 24
- PDF下载量: 18
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 接收日期: 2021-10-12
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-10

Associations of parental factors with screen time among preschool-age children: a cross-sectional survey

Laboratory of Emotion and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解幼儿屏幕时间与父母因素关系，为减少幼儿屏幕时间、提高屏幕时间达标率提供参考。方法于2021年5 — 6月，采用方便抽样方法，选取重庆市2区4所幼儿园共1300名3 ~ 6岁幼儿的父母进行屏幕时间评估、网络成瘾量表及父母溺爱迁就问卷调查，以幼儿屏幕时间每天累计 ≤ 1 h为屏幕时间达标，采用logistic回归分析父母因素与幼儿屏幕时间的关系。结果回收有效问卷1180份，有效率为90.77%。幼儿屏幕时间达标率为62.3%。不同生源地，父、母学历的幼儿屏幕时间达标率差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.01），城市幼儿达标率（68.2%）高于农村（57.1%），父、母亲学历专科及以上幼儿达标率（68.9%、66.2%）高于父、母学历高中及以下者（56.2%、58.9%）。父亲学历高中及以下（OR = 1.744，95%CI = 1.278～2.463），父、母屏幕时间长（OR = 1.229，95%CI = 1.126～1.340；OR = 1.104，95%CI = 1.026～1.187）的幼儿屏幕时间更易不达标。结论父母是减少幼儿屏幕时间的关键，社会和学校应呼吁、督促、引导父母采取措施降低幼儿屏幕时间（控制在每天1 h内），提高幼儿屏幕时间达标率。
- 屏幕时间 /
- 父母因素 /
- 关系 /
- 幼儿
Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between screen time and parental factors among preschool-age children, and to provide a reference for reducing screen time and improving screen time compliance rate in the children. Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents of 1 300 preschool-age children recruited with convenience sampling from 4 kindergartens in 2 districts of Chongqing municipality during May – June 2021. The screen time of a child was assessed based on separate report of father and mother and the cumulative time of ≤ 1 hour per day was considered as an appropriate screen duration for a child, which was recommended in the Physical Exercise Guideline for 3 – 6 Year Children established by domestic researches. The Internet Addiction Scale and the Parental Indulgence Questionnaire were also used. Logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the relationship between parental factors and screen time of preschool-age children. Results Valid responses were collected from the parents of 1 180 (90.77%) of the children selected. Of the children with valid information, 62.3% were reported having the cumulative screen time of ≤ 1 hour per day; the proportion differed significantly by residential region and parental education (both P < 0.01), with the higher proportion of urban children than that of rural children (68.2% vs. 57.1%) and higher proportions of the children with paternal/maternal education of college and above compared to the children with the paternal/maternal education of senior high school and below (68.9% vs. 56.2%/66.2% vs. 58.9%), respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the children with following parental characteristics were more likely to have an inappropriate screen time: with the paternal education of senior high school and below (odds ratio [OR] = 1.744, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.278 – 2.463), with a longer paternal screen time (OR = 1.229, 95%CI: 1.126 – 1.340), and with a longer maternal screen time (OR = 1.104, 95%CI: 1.026 – 1.187). Conclusion Parental factors are of significant influence on screen time of preschool-age children. Comprehensive interventions should be promoted to control preschool-age children′s screen time.
- screen time /
- parental factor /
- relationship /
- preschool-age children

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表 1 不同特征幼儿屏幕时间达标率差异

特征		人数	%	屏幕时间达标		χ²值	P 值
特征		人数	%	人数	%	χ²值	P 值
性别	男童	625	53.0	385	61.6	0.268	0.605
性别	女童	555	47.0	350	63.1	0.268	0.605
班级	小班	430	36.4	286	66.5	5.392	0.067
	中班	276	23.4	162	58.7
	大班	474	40.2	287	60.5
年龄（岁）	3	170	14.4	116	68.2	4.697	0.195
	4	378	32.1	236	62.4
	5	353	29.9	221	62.6
	6	279	23.6	162	58.1
生源地	农村	632	53.6	361	57.1	15.472	0.000
生源地	城市	548	46.4	374	68.2	15.472	0.000
是否独生	独生子女	374	31.7	234	62.6	0.018	0.893
是否独生	非独生子女	806	68.3	501	62.2	0.018	0.893
亲密居住人	父母居住	517	43.8	338	65.4	4.869	0.088
	祖父母居住	117	9.9	655	5.6
	三代人共住	546	46.3	332	60.8
家庭月收入（元）	< 5000	366	31.0	212	57.9	5.023	0.081
	5000～10000	544	46.1	344	63.2
	> 10000	270	22.9	179	66.3
父母婚姻	良好	1097	93.0	687	62.6	0.755	0.385
父母婚姻	离异或分居	83	7.0	485	7.8	0.755	0.385
父亲学历	高中及以下	614	52.0	345	56.2	20.272	0.000
父亲学历	专科及以上	566	48.0	390	68.9	20.272	0.000
母亲学历	高中及以下	632	53.6	372	58.9	6.805	0.009
母亲学历	专科及以上	548	46.4	363	66.2	6.805	0.009

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表 2 幼儿屏幕时间达标的多因素logistic回归分析

自变量	参照组	β	$S_{\bar x}$	Wald χ² 值	P 值	OR 值	95%CI
农村	城市	0.406	0.145	7.860	0.005	1.500	1.130～1.992
父亲高中及以下学历	专科及以上	0.573	0.167	11.748	0.001	1.774	1.278～2.463
父亲屏幕时间		0.206	0.044	21.595	0.000	1.229	1.126～1.340
母亲屏幕时间		0.099	0.037	7.061	0.008	1.104	1.026～1.187
注：父、母屏幕时间为连续变量。

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