Abstract: Injury surveillance is an important part of a comprehensive disease surveillance system to be established. To analyze the occurrence and changing trends of severe injuries related to different causes and to provide evidence for formulating injury prevention and control strategies and evaluating the effects of intervention measures, a hospital electronic health record (EHR)-based injury surveillance system was constructed and applied in Shanghai. Under the development of the EHR-based surveillance system, the definition of injury cases to be reported, contents, data standards and the function and standard document of the system were formulated. The system greatly improved the quality and efficiency of injury registration by data sharing between hospital information system (HIS) and HER and between centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) at district level and Shanghai municipal CDC, and promoted the issue of the Regulation for Shanghai Municipal Inpatient Department-based Injury Registration and Reporting.