Economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and its influencing factors in rural Yunnan province: a population-based study
-
摘要:
目的 分析云南省农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的疾病经济负担及其影响因素,为制定减轻云南省农村COPD疾病经济负担的卫生政策和措施提供科学依据。 方法 于2020年11月 — 2021年11月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在云南省抽取7572名 ≥ 35岁农村常住居民进行问卷调查和肺功能检查,计算其中确诊为COPD患者的直接和间接疾病经济负担,并应用结构方程模型分析其影响因素。 结果 云南省7572名 ≥ 35岁农村居民中,患COPD者954例,COPD患病率为12.6 %;COPD患者的人均疾病经济负担为5787.2元,其中人均直接经济负担为5700.5元(98.5 %),人均间接经济负担为86.7元(1.5 %);直接经济负担中,人均住院费、门诊费、药费和交通及住宿费分别为3020.7、1189.1、1418.6和72.1元。结构方程模型分析结果显示,住院情况(包括住院天数和住院机构)、1年内门诊次数和COPD患病对生活工作的影响(对工作影响、对做家务和日常生活影响)均对疾病经济负担有直接影响,其标准化路径系数分别为 0.43、0.36和 0.27;住院天数和住院机构的标准化路径系数分别为0.41和0.40;对工作影响、做家务和日常生活影响的标准化路径系数分别为0.26、0.23和0.23。 结论 云南省农村COPD患者的疾病经济负担较重,早诊早治、减少患者的住院天数和降低住院机构的级别有助于减轻其疾病经济负担。 -
关键词:
- 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD) /
- 疾病经济负担 /
- 影响因素 /
- 农村
Abstract:Objective To analyze the economic burden of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its influencing factors in rural regions of Yunnan province and to provide evidence for formulating health policies and measures to reduce the economic burden. Methods Face-to-face interview with a self-designed questionnaire and lung function test were conducted among 7 704 permanent residents at ages of 35 years and above recruited using stratified multistage random sampling in rural regions of Yunnan province from November 2020 to November 2021. Both direct and indirect cost of COPD patients were estimated and the influencing factors of the cost were analyzed with structural equation modeling. Results Among the 7 572 participants with complete information, 954 COPD patients were diagnosed, with a prevalence rate of 12.6%. The estimated average annual COPD-related expenditure per patient was 5 787.2 Yuan (RMB); in which, 98.50% (5 700.5 Yuan) and 1.50% (87.2 Yuan) was direct and indirect cost. For the direct expenditure, the cost of hospitalization, outpatient service, medication, and accommodation/transportation were 3 020.7, 1 189.1, 141 8.6, and 72.1 Yuan. The results of structural equation model analysis indicated that the COPD patients′ economic burden was associated with the condition of hospitalization, frequency of outpatient visits within one year and the impact of the disease on patients’ life and work, with the standardized regression coefficient of 0.43, 0.36 and 0.27. The standardized regression coefficient for the length of hospital stay and the type of medical institution were 0.41 and 0.40; while the standardized regression coefficient for the impact of the disease on daily work, housework and daily life was 0.26, 0.23 and 0.23, respectively. Conclusion The economic burden of rural COPD patients is relatively high in Yunnan province. The study results suggest that early diagnosis and treatment of the disease, reducing duration of hospitalization and the level of medical institution providing hospitalization service could alleviate the economic burden of the rural COPD patients. -
表 1 云南农村不同特征COPD患者的疾病经济负担情况
特征 人均直接经济负担(元) 人均间接
经济负担(元)人均疾病
经济负担(元)住院费 门诊费 药费 交通及住宿费 合计 性别 男性 3400.0 1401.8 1536.3 95.5 6433.7 82.2 6515.9 女性 2300.0 785.0 1195.0 27.5 4307.5 95.2 4402.7 年龄(岁) 35~44 10000.0 1800.0 3550.0 50.0 15400.0 205.5 15605.5 45~54 1000.0 1333.3 1005.0 16.7 3355.0 68.5 3423.5 55~64 2588.2 705.9 882.4 33.3 4209.8 124.1 4333.9 65~74 2950.0 1675.0 2641.9 84.6 7351.5 42.0 7393.5 ≥ 75 3411.8 1092.4 698.8 121.2 5324.1 83.8 5407.9 民族 汉族 2846.2 1463.8 1226.2 102.7 5638.8 52.2 5691.0 少数民族 3162.5 965.9 1575.0 47.2 5750.6 114.7 5865.4 文化程度 小学及以下 2714.3 953.6 1023.9 71.8 4763.6 85.1 4848.7 初中及以上 3306.7 1409.0 1787.0 72.3 6575.0 88.1 6663.1 人均年收入(元) < 6700 2363.6 979.4 1528.8 73.2 4945.0 56.5 5001.5 ≥ 6700 3888.0 1466.0 1273.2 70.6 6697.8 126.6 6824.3 1年内门诊次数(次) < 4 2505.3 288.2 1004.2 92.4 3890.0 95.9 3985.9 ≥ 4 4000.0 2901.0 2206.0 33.5 9140.5 69.2 9209.7 住院机构 乡镇卫生院 7333.3 360.0 166.7 2.0 7862.0 283.1 8145.1 县/市级医院 6509.1 610.0 971.8 126.1 8217.0 152.6 5274.5 省级医院 2500.0 2000.0 5500.0 350.0 10350.0 205.5 10555.5 住院天数(d) < 7 0.0 1499.0 1238.7 19.4 2757.1 2.2 2759.3 ≥ 7 6488.9 833.3 1625.2 132.6 9080.0 183.7 9263.7 COPD患病对日常生活影响 基本没有影响 666.7 486.7 803.3 115.0 2071.7 32.0 2103.6 稍有影响 2322.0 920.2 1462.4 77.8 4782.4 92.5 4875.0 不能独立完成一些日常生活 6909.1 2574.5 1590.9 27.3 11101.8 94.6 11196.5 COPD患病对做家务影响 根本没有影响 800.0 424.0 1684.0 8.0 2916.0 38.4 2954.4 有一点影响 800.0 607.9 367.4 39.2 1814.4 26.0 1840.4 中度影响 3312.5 1197.5 1742.5 159.1 6411.6 157.5 6569.2 很大影响 5722.2 2007.8 2166.7 47.2 9943.9 101.2 10045.1 COPD患病对工作影响 根本没有影响 333.3 618.3 954.2 57.5 1963.3 16.0 1979.3 有一点影响 1575.0 608.1 378.1 31.3 2592.5 90.8 2683.3 中度影响 4444.4 1338.9 2588.9 128.9 8501.1 130.1 8631.2 很大影响 5500.0 2310.0 1515.0 55.8 9380.8 86.8 9467.6 -
[1] 中华医学会呼吸病学分会慢性阻塞性肺疾病学组, 中国医师协会呼吸医师分会慢性阻塞性肺疾病工作委员会. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊治指南 (2021年修订版)[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2021, 44(3): 170 – 205. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20210109-00031 [2] Wang C, Xu JY, Yang L, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China (the China Pulmonary Health Study): a national cross - sectional study[J]. The Lancet, 2018, 391(10131): 1706 – 1717. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30841-9 [3] Zhu BF, Wang YF, Ming J, et al. Disease burden of COPD in China: a systematic review[J]. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 2018, 13: 1353 – 1364. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S161555 [4] 李建, 冯芮华, 崔月颖, 等. 我国三级医院药物治疗慢阻肺患者的经济负担分析[J]. 中国卫生经济, 2015, 34(9): 66 – 68. [5] 云南省统计局. 云南统计年鉴2019[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2019. [6] 吴明隆. 结构方程模型[M]. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社, 2013. [7] 云南省统计局. 云南省2020年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL]. [2021 – 03 – 26]. http://stats.yn.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/202103/t20210326_1048207.html. [8] 徐满, 何成普, 罗英, 等. 成华区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疾病经济负担及其影响因素调查[J]. 预防医学情报杂志, 2013, 29(10): 889 – 892. [9] Chen XY, Wang N, Chen Y, et al. Costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in urban areas of China: a cross - sectional study in four cities[J]. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 2016, 11(1): 2625 – 2632. [10] Kim J, Lee TJ, Kim S, et al. The economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from 2004 to 2013[J]. Journal of Medical Economics, 2016, 19(2): 113 – 120. doi: 10.3111/13696998.2015.1100114 [11] 史碧君, 张涛, 崔军, 等. 浙江省宁波市社区803名慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者直接经济负担分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2015, 30(4): 300 – 304. [12] Villegas CG, Paz-Zulueta M, Herrero-Montes M, et al. Cost analysis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a syste-matic review[J]. Health Economics Review, 2021, 11: 31. doi: 10.1186/s13561-021-00329-9 [13] 单侯乾, 郁娟, 韩雪梅, 等. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者住院费用影响因素递归系统与结构方程模型分析[J]. 社区医学杂志, 2018, 16(14): 1138 – 1145. [14] 王健, 陈德才, 于嵩, 等. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病住院患者特征分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2017, 33(1): 159 – 161. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2017-33-01-42 [15] 吕晓红, 王丽辉, 孙红莹, 等. 从预防急性加重谈慢性阻塞性肺疾病的管理与控制[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2020, 43(7): 629 – 632. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200430-00557 [16] Bourbeau J. Self - management interventions to improve outcomes in patients suffering from COPD[J]. Expert Review of Pharmacoe-conomics and Outcomes Research, 2004, 4(1): 71 – 77. doi: 10.1586/14737167.4.1.71 [17] 文富强, 陈磊. 中国慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊疗的现存问题与思考[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2020, 100(2): 81 – 84. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.02.001 [18] 朱晓磊, 张晓畅, 司向, 等. 村医慢性病管理工作能力分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2019, 35(5): 622 – 625. doi: 10.11847/zgggws1122693 [19] 夏芸, 魏丽娟. 医联体共管COPD分级诊疗模式的效果分析[J]. 国际呼吸杂志, 2017, 37(14): 1083 – 1086. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-436X.2017.14.007 [20] Jones PW, Watz H, Wouters EFM, et al. COPD: the patient perspec-tive[J]. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 2016, 11 Spec Iss (Spec Iss): 13 – 20. [21] 陈荣昌, 梁振宇, 王凤燕. 我国慢性阻塞性肺疾病早期防控的现状、挑战与思考[J]. 中华健康管理学杂志, 2022, 16(2): 73 – 76. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115624-20211208-00749 -