Progress in researches on pulmonary carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium and its mechanism: a review
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摘要: 六价铬 [hexavalent chromium,Cr(VI)] 是通过将矿物中的三价铬在有氧条件下加热得到 ,其广泛应用在工业生产中,研究表明,Cr(VI)可诱导机体氧化应激、DNA损伤和染色体不稳定,产生细胞毒性并造成遗传损伤,增加肺癌、鼻咽癌、肝和肾的毒性损伤、心脏功能障碍、过敏性接触性皮炎或铬溃疡等相关疾病的风险,长期职业接触Cr(VI)可导致肺癌的发生。近年,六价铬化合物先后被列入我国《优先控制化学品名录(第一批)》和《有毒有害水污染物名录(第一批)》的危险化学物质。本文就近年的相关文献报道,从Cr(VI)的细胞毒性、Cr(VI)暴露的动物和接触Cr(VI)的人群3个方面概述Cr(VI)诱发肺癌的潜在分子机制,为后续的相关研究提供参考。Abstract: Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is obtained by heating trivalent chromium in minerals under aerobic conditions, which is widely used in industrial production. Published studies have proved that Cr(VI) can induce oxidative stress, DNA damage and chromosome instability, produce cytotoxicity and genetic damage, and increase the risk of lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, toxic damage of liver and kidney, cardiac dysfunction, allergic contact dermatitis, chromium ulcer, and other related diseases. Long-term occupational exposure to Cr(VI) can lead to lung cancer. In recent years, Cr(VI) compounds have been listed as hazardous chemicals in China′s List of Priority Chemicals (the first batch) and List of Toxic and Harmful Water Pollutants (the first batch). Based on the recent literature, we summarized potential molecular mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced lung cancer from three aspects: the cytotoxicity of Cr(VI), the animals exposed to Cr(VI) and the people exposed to Cr(VI), for providing references to relevant researches.
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Key words:
- hexavalent chromium /
- lung cancer /
- effect mechanism
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