Safety of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in 3 – 17 years old healthy children
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摘要:
目的 评价新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗接种于3~17岁健康儿童及青少年的安全性。 方法 2021年5月以河北省赞皇县500名3~17岁健康儿童及青少年作为研究对象,各年龄组按照3 : 1的比例随机分成接种试验疫苗组(n = 375)和安慰剂组(n = 125),按照0、28 d的免疫程序,分别接种2剂次试验疫苗(北京科兴中维生物技术有限公司)和安慰剂。观察每剂接种后30 min内不良反应,收集0~7 d局部和全身征集性不良事件以及0~28 d的非征集性不良事件,并完成从接种开始至全程接种后6个月的严重不良事件(SAE)监测,以评价试验疫苗的安全性。 结果 试验疫苗组不良反应发生率为19.2 %,安慰剂组为15.2 %,组间差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),常见的不良反应主要以接种部位疼痛和发热为主,除疫苗接种部位疼痛外,其余不良反应症状2组间发生率差异均无统计学意义;不良反应以1级和2级为主,3级不良反应共收集到3例,均为发热,试验疫苗组和安慰剂组1级(14.93 % VS.12.8 %)、2级(7.73 % VS. 4 %)、3级(0.53 % VS. 0.8 %)不良反应发生率组间差异均无统计学意义,2组均未报告与疫苗接种有关的严重不良事件;3~5岁组不良反应发生率(28 %)高于6~11岁组的(16 %)和12~17岁组(15.5 %),不同年龄组疫苗组与安慰剂组不良反应发生率差异均无统计学意义;第1剂接种后的总体不良反应发生率(14.6 %)高于第2剂不良反应发生率(5.69 %)(P < 0.05),不同剂次接种后2组间不良反应发生率差异均无统计学意义。 结论 新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗接种于3~17岁健康儿童及青少年中表现出较好的安全性。 -
关键词:
- 新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗 /
- 安全性 /
- 不良反应 /
- 儿童及青少年
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the safety of an inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in healthy children and adolescents aged 3 – 17 years. Methods Totally 500 healthy children and adolescents aged 3 – 17 years were recruited in Zanhuang county of Hebei province and randomly assigned into a vaccination group (n = 375) and a placebo group (n = 125) during May 2021. Two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd, Beijing) or placebo (day 0 and day 28) were administered to the participants. The participants were observed for adverse reactions within 30 minutes after each vaccination. The participants′ information on local and systemic solicited adverse events from day 0 to day 7, and unsolicited adverse events from day 0 to day 28 were collected after the vaccination. Serious adverse events were recorded from the beginning of vaccination to 6 months after the second dose vaccination to evaluate the safety of the vaccine. Results The incidence of adverse reactions was 19.2% (72/375) in the vaccination group and 15.2% (19/125) in the placebo group, without significant difference between the incidence of the two groups (P > 0.05). The most common adverse reactions were injection site pain and fever. There was no significant statistical difference in the incidence of other adverse reactions between the two groups except for pain at the injection site. Most observed adverse reactions were grade 1 and 2 in severity, only 3 participants reported grade 3 adverse reactions. The vaccination group′s incidences of adverse reactions of grade 1 (14.93% vs. 12.8%), grade 2 (7.73% vs. 4%), and grade 3 (0.53% vs. 0.8%) were not significantly different from those of the placebo group. No serious vaccination-related adverse event was reported in either group. The incidence of adverse reactions was higher (28%) in the 3 – 5 years old participants than those in the participants aged 6 – 11 and 12 – 17 years (16% and 15.5%) and the age-group-specific adverse reaction incidences were not significantly different between vaccination group and placebo group. The incidence of adverse reactions for the first dose vaccination was significantly higher than that for the second dose (14.6% vs. 5.69%, P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in the dose order-specific adverse reaction incidence between the vaccination group and the placebo group. Conclusion The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine is of good safety when administered in 3 to 17 years old healthy children. -
Key words:
- inactivated COVID-19 vaccine /
- safety /
- adverse reaction /
- childrenandadolescents
1) (王磊为本文并列第一作者) -
表 1 3~17岁受试者接种疫苗后总体不良事件发生情况
分类 试验疫苗组(n = 375) 安慰剂组(n = 125) 合计(n = 500) P 值 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 总体不良事件 97 25.87 29 23.20 126 25.20 0.6344 与疫苗无关的不良事件 45 12.00 16 12.80 61 12.20 0.8747 与疫苗有关的不良事件 72 19.20 19 15.20 91 18.20 0.3508 注:组间不良事件发生率比较均采用Fisher确切概率法。 表 2 3~17岁人群接种新冠病毒灭活疫苗后28 d不良反应发生情况
不良反应 试验疫苗组(n = 375) 安慰剂组(n = 125) 合计(n = 500) P 值 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 0~7 d征集性不良反应 69 18.40 17 13.60 86 17.20 0.2734 全身不良反应 39 10.40 15 12.00 54 10.80 0.6195 发热(腋温) 22 5.87 5 4.00 27 5.40 0.5010 头痛 7 1.87 3 2.40 10 2.00 0.7163 恶心 7 1.87 3 2.40 10 2.00 0.7163 疲劳乏力 7 1.87 1 0.80 8 1.60 0.6860 皮肤粘膜异常 4 1.07 1 0.80 5 1.00 1.0000 厌食 3 0.80 1 0.80 4 0.80 1.0000 腹泻 3 0.80 1 0.80 4 0.80 1.0000 咳嗽 1 0.27 2 1.60 3 0.60 0.1557 呕吐 3 0.80 0 0.00 3 0.60 0.5767 急性过敏反应 2 0.53 0 0.00 2 0.40 1.0000 肌肉痛 1 0.27 1 0.80 2 0.40 0.4379 局部不良反应 40 10.67 5 4.00 45 9.00 0.0289 疼痛 39 10.40 5 4.00 44 8.80 0.0285 硬结 4 1.07 0 0.00 4 0.80 0.5764 肿胀 3 0.80 0 0.00 3 0.60 0.5767 红晕 1 0.27 0 0.00 1 0.20 1.0000 瘙痒 1 0.27 0 0.00 1 0.20 1.0000 皮疹 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1.0000 0~28 d非征集性不良反应 11 2.93 5 4.00 16 3.20 0.5616 合计 72 19.20 19 15.20 91 18.20 0.3508 注:组间不良事件发生率比较均采用Fisher确切概率法。 表 3 3~17岁人群接种新冠病毒灭活疫苗后28 d不良反应严重程度
不良反应严重程度 试验疫苗组(n = 375) 安慰剂组(n = 125) 合计(n = 500) P 值 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 1级 56 14.93 16 12.8 72 14.4 0.6594 2级 29 7.73 5 4.0 34 6.8 0.2168 3级 2 0.53 1 0.8 3 0.6 1.0000 注:组间不良事件发生率比较均采用Fisher确切概率法。 表 4 不同年龄组人群接种新冠病毒灭活疫苗后28 d的不良反应的发生率
年龄(岁) 试验疫苗组(n = 375) 安慰剂组(n = 125) 合计(n = 500) P 值 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 3~5 25 33.33 3 12.00 28 28.00 0.0431 6~11 26 17.33 6 12.00 32 16.00 0.5047 12~17 21 14.00 10 20.00 31 15.50 0.3667 注:组间不良事件发生率比较均采用Fisher确切概率法。 表 5 不同剂次接种新冠病毒灭活疫苗后28 d的不良反应的发生率
接种剂次 试验疫苗组 安慰剂组 合计 P 值 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 例数 发生率(%) 第1剂 58 15.47 15 12.00 73 14.60 0.3829 第2剂 24 6.52 4 3.23 28 5.69 0.2606 注:完成第1剂接种500人,完成第2剂疫苗接种492人;组间不良事件发生率比较均采用Fisher确切概率法。 -
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