重大突发公共卫生事件下中国青少年焦虑情绪现状及其影响因素分析

张炎圣; 杨艳杰; 乔正学

doi:10.11847/zgggws1139238

重大突发公共卫生事件下中国青少年焦虑情绪现状及其影响因素分析

doi: 10.11847/zgggws1139238

哈尔滨医科大学心理科学与健康管理中心，黑龙江哈尔滨 150081

详细信息

作者简介:
张炎圣（1995 – ），男，黑龙江双鸭山人，硕士，研究方向：组织行为，公共卫生

通讯作者:
杨艳杰，E-mail：yanjie1965@163.com

中图分类号: G 444；R 395.6
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- 文章访问数: 120
- HTML全文浏览量: 29
- PDF下载量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 接收日期: 2022-05-22
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-31
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-10

Anxiety emotion and its associates among adolescents during a major public health emergency: a cross-sectional survey in China

Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间中国青少年的焦虑现状及其影响因素，为重大突发公共卫生事件下青少年焦虑情绪的心理干预提参考依据。方法于2020年3月采用自行设计调查问卷通过问卷星网络平台对中国34个省（自治区、直辖市）的208433名16～22岁青少年进行了焦虑情绪现状的相关调查。结果最终纳入分析的170830名16～22岁青少年中，在新冠疫情重大突发公共卫生事件中发生焦虑情绪者的40448人，焦虑检出率为23.7%，其中，轻度焦虑者32458人（80.2%），中度焦虑者5878人（14.5%），重度焦虑者2152人（5.3%）；多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，女性、调查期间居住地确诊病例数为100～499和 ≥ 500例及经历过创伤及受疫情影响的人群类别为二、三和四级人群为重大突发公共卫生事件下中国青少年焦虑发生的危险因素，与家人关系一般和和睦及疫情前情绪一般和稳定为重大突发公共卫生事件下中国青少年焦虑发生的保护因素。结论在重大突发公共卫生事件下中国青少年焦虑发生率相对较低，性别、调查期间居住地确诊病例数、与家人关系、是否经历过创伤、受疫情影响人群类型和疫情前情绪是重大突发公共卫生事件下青少年焦虑发生的主要影响因素。
- 焦虑 /
- 青少年 /
- 影响因素 /
- 重大突发公共卫生事件
Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety emotion among Chinese adolescents during a major public health emergency (PHE) for providing evidence to the development of appropriate intervention strategies. Methods An online self-administered survey via Sojump platform was conducted among 208 433 adolescents (16 – 22 years old) in 34 provincial level administrative divisions across China during March 2020. A self-designed questionnaire and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were adopted in the study. Results Among the 170 830 participants with valid responses, 40 448 (23.7%) were identified as having anxiety emotion during the major PHE; of the participants with anxiety emotion, 80.2% (32 458), 14.5% (5 878), and 5.3% (2 152) were assessed as having mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed following risk factors for having anxiety emotion during the major PHE among the adolescents: female gender, living in a region affected by an ongoing major PHE with more than 100 reported cases, with trauma history, and being affected directly or indirectly by the major PHE but not being a confirmed disease case; whereas, having a fair or good relationship with family members and usually with a general or stable emotion before the major PHE were protective factors against anxiety emotion during the PHE. Conclusion During the period of a major PHE among Chinese adolescents, the prevalence of anxiety emotion was relatively low and mainly affected by gender, the number of confirmed disease cases within a residential area, relationship with family members, trauma history, and impact severity of the major PHE.
- anxiety /
- adolescents /
- influencing factor /
- major public health emergency

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表 1 重大突发公共卫生事件下不同特征中国青少年焦虑情绪情况比较

特征		调查人数	焦虑情绪人数	检出率（%）	χ² 值	P 值
性别	男性	67481	20920	31.0	6.21	0.013
	女性	103349	31452	30.4
调查期间居住地确诊病例数（例）	1～99	10606	35674	29.4	439.24	< 0.001
	100～499	38730	12672	32.7
	≥ 500	121494	4026	38.0
与家人关系	较差	580	416	71.7	2382.50	< 0.001
	一般	6698	3665	54.7
	和睦	163552	48291	29.5
是否经历过创伤	否	155250	44164	28.4	3912.17	< 0.001
	是	15580	8208	52.7
受疫情影响人群类别	一级人群	468	198	42.3	281.02	< 0.001
	二级人群	463	255	55.1
	三级人群	1415	622	44.0
	四级人群	168484	51297	30.4
疫情前情绪	不稳定	3481	2487	71.4	11959.00	< 0.001
	一般	18637	8965	48.1
	稳定	148712	29036	19.5

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表 2 重大突发公共卫生事件下中国青少年焦虑发生影响因素多因素非条件logistic回归分析

因素	比较组	参照组	β	$S_{\bar x}$	Wald χ² 值	P 值	OR 值	95%CI
性别	女性	男性	0.138	0.012	142.222	< 0.001	1.148	1.122～1.175
调查期间居住地确诊病例数（例）	100～499	1～99	0.107	0.014	58.563	< 0.001	1.113	1.083～1.144
	≥ 500		0.258	0.023	125.358	< 0.001	1.295	1.237～1.355
与家人关系	一般	较差	– 0.547	0.084	42.494	< 0.001	0.579	0.491～0.682
	和睦		– 0.701	0.081	75.715	< 0.001	0.496	0.423～0.581
是否经历过创伤	是	否	0.569	0.019	929.322	< 0.001	1.766	1.703～1.832
受疫情影响人群类别	二级人群	一级人群	0.840	0.094	80.169	< 0.001	2.317	1.928～2.784
	三级人群		1.352	0.094	208.555	< 0.001	3.867	3.218～4.645
	四级人群		0.732	0.055	178.712	< 0.001	2.080	1.868～2.316
疫情前情绪	一般	不稳定	– 1.230	0.035	1246.597	< 0.001	0.292	0.273～0.313
	稳定		– 2.476	0.033	5647.150	< 0.001	0.084	0.079～0.090

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