深圳市南山区医院医务人员2021 — 2022年流感流行季流感疫苗接种干预效果评价

彭铭记; 姜世强; 蔡羽薇; 彭质斌; 郑建东; 吴娴波; 袁建辉

doi:10.11847/zgggws1140334

深圳市南山区医院医务人员2021 — 2022年流感流行季流感疫苗接种干预效果评价

doi: 10.11847/zgggws1140334

彭铭记^{1, 2},
姜世强²,
蔡羽薇²,
彭质斌³,
郑建东³,
吴娴波^1, ,,
袁建辉^2, ,

1.
南方医科大学公共卫生学院，广东广州 510515
2.
深圳市南山区疾病预防控制中心
3.
中国疾病预防控制中心传染病处

基金项目: 中美疾控中心合作项目（5U01IP001106 – 03 – 00）；广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目（B2022268）；南山区区域学科联盟经费项目（20200918）

详细信息

作者简介:
彭铭记（1996 – ），男，广东广州人，硕士在读，研究方向：传染病预防与控制

通讯作者:
吴娴波，E-mail：xianbowu@qq.com

袁建辉，E-mail：sncdcyjh@szns.gov.cnf

中图分类号: R 186
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- 文章访问数: 167
- HTML全文浏览量: 37
- PDF下载量: 72
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 接收日期: 2022-09-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-21

Effect of intervention on influenza vaccination during 2021 – 2022 influenza season among hospital professionals in a district of Shenzhen city

1.
School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, China

摘要

摘要: 目的评价以非强制性的具体接种率要求对提高医务人员流感流行季流感疫苗的干预效果。方法采用非随机分组的社区干预试验设计，对深圳市南山区7家医院进行分组，干预组4家医院共4 599人，对照组3家医院共2 139人。于2021年10月 — 2022年4月，对干预组实施“免费接种 + 现场接种 + 宣传提醒 + 接种率目标要求”的干预模式，对照组实施“免费接种 + 现场接种 + 宣传提醒”的干预模式；干预组高风险科室以80%的接种率作为目标，低风险科室以60%作为接种目标，采用调整比估计量的Pearson χ²检验对干预组和对照组的基线接种率以及干预后的接种率进行检验。结果 2021 — 2022年流感流行季，干预后干预组高风险科室医务人员当季流感疫苗接种率为62.67%，对照组接种率为23.71%，2组绝对率差（absolute rate difference，ARD）为38.96%（P < 0.05，95%CI = 14.17%～63.75%）；干预组低风险科室医务人员当季流感疫苗接种率为34.57%，对照组接种率为22.96%，干预组所有医务人员流感疫苗接种率为43.90%，对照组接种率为23.19%，2组接种率接种率差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。以高接种率要求的干预效果具有显著差异，低接种率要求的干预效果无显著差异。结论在未设置奖惩制度的前提下，以非强制性的具体接种率要求提高医务人员的流感疫苗接种率时，需设置较高的接种率目标以达到预期效果。
- 流感疫苗 /
- 医务人员 /
- 现场干预试验 /
- 非随机分组 /
- 效果评价
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of an intervention with a required non-mandatory vaccination rate on improving influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in 2021 – 2022 influenza season. Methods We conducted a non-randomized community intervention trial on influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in 7 hospitals in Nanshan district of Shenzhen city during an influenza season from October 2021 to April 2022. Free on-site influenza vaccination and prompt publicity for the vaccination were carried out among all the participants; compared to the 2 139 control participants in 3 hospitals, an additional dissemination about the expected non-mandatory vaccination rate of 80% and 60% for the staff working in departments assessed as at high- and low-risk of influenza infection was implemented among 4 599 participants in 4 hospitals of the intervention group. Pearson′s chi-squared test for adjusted ratio estimators was used to test the baseline and post-intervention vaccination rates for the intervention and control group. Results Over the influenza season for the participants working in high-risk departments, the influenza vaccination rate was 62.67% and 23.71% in the intervention and the control group, with a significant absolute rate difference (ARD) of 38.96% (95% confidence interval: 14.17% – 63.75%) between the two groups (P < 0.05); for the participants of low-risk departments, the influenza vaccination rate was 34.57% and 22.96% in the intervention and the control group(P > 0.05); for all the participants, the influenza vaccination rate was 43.90% and 23.19% in the intervention and in the control group (P > 0.05). The intervention of dissemination about the expected vaccination rate showed a significant impact upon the influenza vaccination rate for the participants working in high-risk departments but not for those in low-risk departments. Conclusion Under the premise of without both reward and punishment for having influenza vaccination, the dissemination of a high expected non-mandatory vaccination rate may increase the influenza vaccination rate among healthcare workers intervened.
- influenza vaccine /
- healthcare workers /
- field intervention experiment /
- non-randomization /
- evaluation

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表 1 2021年南山区不同特征医务人员组别分布

变量	干预组		对照组		χ_R²	P 值
变量	人数	%	人数	%	χ_R²	P 值
性别
男性	1683	36.59	839	39.22	0.2224	0.6372
女性	2916	63.41	1300	60.78
文化程度
大专及以下	1304	28.35	714	33.38	3.0555	0.0805
本科	2054	44.66	1040	48.62
研究生及以上	1241	26.98	385	18.00
职务
医生	2257	49.08	1196	55.91	2.4876	0.1147
护士	2342	50.92	943	44.09
职称
初级	1 826	39.70	697	32.59	2.0630	0.1509
中级	1176	25.57	668	31.23
高级	839	16.48	415	16.78
无	758	18.24	359	19.40
科室
高风险	1527	33.20	641	29.97	0.1736	0.6770
低风险	3072	66.80	1498	70.03

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表 2 不同组别医务人员流感疫苗接种率干预前后比较

科室	对照组				干预组				P₁	P₂	P₃	P₄
	基线		干预后		基线		干预后
	接种人数	%	接种人数	%	接种人数	%	接种人数	%
高风险科室	242	35.69	152	23.71	529	36.92	957	62.67	0.9018	0.0962	0.0381	0.0001
低风险科室	402	33.22	344	22.96	850	25.53	1062	34.57	0.5445	0.2355	0.5938	0.3996
所有医务人员	644	34.11	496	23.19	1379	28.95	2019	43.90	0.6150	0.0588	0.3133	0.0634
注：P₁为干预组与对照组基线接种率比较；P₂为对照组干预前后比较；P₃为干预组干预前后比较；P₄为干预组与对照组干预后比较。

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