中国周边国家新冠病毒变异株Omicron流行特征及住院服务利用情况分析

吴柯叶; 朱斌; 李夏; 顾东风

doi:10.11847/zgggws1140782

中国周边国家新冠病毒变异株Omicron流行特征及住院服务利用情况分析

Epidemiological characteristics and hospitalization service utilization during pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in China′s neighboring countries

摘要

摘要:
目的分析新冠病毒变异株Omicron流行期间中国周边10个国家（日本、韩国、新加坡、马来西亚、越南、泰国、印度尼西亚、巴基斯坦、印度和俄罗斯）的流行特征及住院服务利用情况。
方法数据来源于Our World in Data数据网站（https://ourworldindata.org/），选取新冠病毒疫苗接种率、Omicron流行前后的新冠病毒感染率、病死率和住院率等指标进行分析。
结果日本、韩国、新加坡等发达国家人口平均年龄相对较高，具有较高的疫苗接种覆盖率和较低的新冠病毒感染病死率；巴基斯坦、印度、印度尼西亚等国家疫苗接种覆盖率低，新冠病毒感染病死率相对较高；韩国在Omicron流行期间的中位防控措施严格指数最低，其次是越南、新加坡、俄罗斯、印度；各国在Omicron流行期间新冠病毒感染病死率明显更低（P < 0.001），且绝对值均小于0.8 %；仅韩国和日本在Omicron流行期间的死亡例数占新冠病毒感染总死亡例数的比例超过50 %；日本、韩国、马来西亚Omicron流行期间的感染人群ICU住院率均明显低于Omicron出现之前（P < 0.001），其他周边国家暂未报道住院相关数据。
结论充分发挥数字信息技术的监测、预警等作用，快速、精准、科学地应对Omicron疫情；加强公共卫生基础设施建设和卫生人才资源培养，增强社区应对Omicron疫情的能力；持续提高人群新冠疫苗接种覆盖率。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease – 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant and hospitalization service utilization during the Omicron pandemic in China's neighboring countries including Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Pakistan, India, and Russia.
Methods Sourcing data from Our World in Data website, we compared vaccination rate, COVID-19 infection rate, case fatality rate and hospitalization rate before and during the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the 10 countries neighboring China.
Results Among the neighboring countries, the COVID-19 vaccination rate was higher but the case fatality rate of COVID-19 was lower for the developed countries such as Japan, South Korea, and Singapore with relatively higher average age of the population; in contrast, the vaccination rate was lower and the case fatality rate was higher in Pakistan, India and Indonesia. South Korea had the lowest median stringency index during the Omicron pandemic in the 10 neighboring countries, followed by Vietnam, Singapore, Russia, and India. For all the 10 countries, the COVID-19 case fatality rates were significantly lower during the Omicron pandemic than those during previous pandemic (P < 0.001), with all the case fatality rates of less than 0.8%. Only in South Korea and Japan, the number of COVID-19 deaths during Omicron pandemic accounted for more than 50% of total deaths due to COVID-19 pandemic. For the countries including Japan, South Korea and Malaysia with hospitalization data available, the proportion of COVID-19 cases admitted to intensive care units was significantly lower during Omicron pandemic than that during previous pandemic (P < 0.001).
Conclusion The application of digital technology in monitoring and early warning of COVID-19 should be promoted and the coverage rate of COVID-19 vaccination needs to be increased continuously for rapid and effective response to Omicron pandemic.

HTML全文

参考文献(23)

施引文献

资源附件(0)