Abstract: Environmental health impact assessment (EHIA) is a planning and decision - making process, which aims to predict, analyzes and evaluate the population health impact of the proposed project. In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to the impact of environment on human health, and actively promoted the environmental health impact assessment. In this paper, we systematically summarize the main contents of EHIA and its development process and current situation in China and foreign countries, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and implementation strategies for improving China's EHIA system, and provide a reference for environmental health impact assessment to solve human health problems in practice.