Influenza vaccination and related factors among urban and rural adult community residents – a cross-sectional survey in Anhui province
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摘要:
目的 了解安徽省城乡社区居民流感疫苗接种情况及其影响因素。 方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法，于2021年7 — 12月对安徽省8个城乡社区833名 ≥ 16岁社区居民进行问卷调查，收集其社会人口学信息、过去1年是否接种流感疫苗、新冠病毒感染疫情相关认知以及是否接种新冠疫苗等资料，采用 χ 2检验进行单因素分析，多因素logistic回归分析居民流感疫苗接种的影响因素。 结果 232名调查对象过去1年接种过流感疫苗，流感疫苗接种率为27.85%（95%CI = 24.73～31.14%）。57.57%因“没听过接种流感疫苗这回事”而未接种流感疫苗。多因素logistic回归显示，男性（OR = 1.43，95%CI = 1.01～2.04）、初中以上教育水平（OR = 1.81，95%CI = 1.03～3.17）、自认可能感染新冠病毒（OR = 1.50，95%CI = 1.02～2.20）、接种了新冠疫苗（OR = 9.20，95%CI = 3.28～25.80）以及对社区新冠疫情防控满意（OR = 1.61，95%CI = 1.06～2.47）的社区居民流感疫苗接种率较高。 结论 安徽省城乡社区居民流感疫苗接种率影响因素包括性别、教育水平、新冠疫情相关认知以及是否接种新冠疫苗等。 Abstract:Objective To examine the prevalence and associates of influenza vaccination among adult community residents in urban and rural Anhui province. Methods With stratified multistage sampling and a self-designed question-naire, we conducted an on-site self-administered survey with interviewer assistance among 978 residents aged 16 years and older in 8 urban and rural communities of Anhui province during July – December 2021. The participants' information on demographics, influenza vaccination in past one year, cognition about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, and history of COVID-19 vaccination were collected and analyzed using χ2 test; multivariate analysis was adopted to explore influencing factors of influenza vaccination. Results Among the 833 participants with valid responses, 232 (27.85%, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 24.73 – 31.14%) reported receiving influenza vaccination in past one year. Of the participants not receiving influenza vaccination, 57.57% reported being unaware of influenza vaccination. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the participants with following characteristics were more likely to receive influenza vaccination: male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.01 – 2.04), with the education of junior high school and above (OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.03 – 3.17), with a higher self-rated risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.02 – 2.20), ever receiving COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 9.20, 95%CI: 3.28 – 25.80), and being satisfied with community-based measures for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic (OR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.06 – 2.47). Conclusion The acceptance of influenza vaccination is mainly influenced by gender, education, knowledge about COVID-19 epidemic, and history of COVID-19 vaccination among urban and rural adult community residents in Anhui province. -
Key words:
- influenza vaccine /
- community residents /
- vaccination coverage /
- influencing factor
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表 1 调查对象流感疫苗接种率及影响因素单因素分析
Table 1. Influenza vaccination rate by demographics, residential region, chronic disease, with a medical worker among family members or friends, cognition on COVID virus, COVID vaccination, and satisfaction to community disease control among 833 urban/rural residents in Anhui province, 2021
变量 调查人数 占比（%） 接种人数 接种率（%） χ2 值 P 值 年龄（岁） 16～39 352 42.26 131 37.22 31.79 < 0.001 40～59 311 37.33 76 24.44 ≥ 60 170 20.41 25 14.71 性别 女性 431 51.74 110 25.52 2.41 0.120 男性 402 48.26 122 30.35 婚姻状况 无配偶 309 37.09 111 35.92 15.92 < 0.001 有配偶 524 62.91 121 23.09 教育水平 文盲 111 13.32 17 15.32 45.07 < 0.001 小学/初中 225 27.01 34 15.11 高中/中专/大专 178 21.37 66 37.08 本科以上 319 38.30 115 36.05 职业 农民 261 31.33 38 14.56 39.40 < 0.001 企业员工/个体户/零工 304 36.50 91 29.93 党政机关/事业单位/军队 81 9.72 28 34.57 学生 187 22.45 75 40.11 社区类型 北部农村（靠近市区） 99 11.89 33 33.33 68.78 < 0.001 北部农村（远离市区） 106 12.73 19 17.92 城市回迁社区 85 10.20 34 40.00 城市单位社区 153 18.37 67 43.79 城市老旧社区 92 11.04 31 33.70 城市新型社区 75 9.00 17 22.67 南部农村（靠近县城） 93 11.16 22 23.66 南部农村（山区） 130 15.61 9 6.92 是否患慢病 否 649 77.91 201 30.97 14.23 < 0.001 是 184 22.09 31 16.85 家里或关系亲密的亲戚朋友中 否 574 68.91 141 24.56 9.92 0.002 是否有医务人员 是 259 31.09 91 35.14 认为新冠病毒是否会长期存在 否 597 71.67 147 24.62 10.93 0.001 是 236 28.33 85 36.02 认为自己是否会感染新冠病毒 否 630 75.63 153 24.29 16.35 < 0.001 是 203 24.37 79 38.92 假如感染新冠病毒是否严重 否 644 77.31 189 29.35 3.16 0.075 是 189 22.69 43 22.75 是否接种新冠病毒疫苗 否 111 13.33 4 3.60 37.47 < 0.001 是 722 86.67 228 31.58 是否对社区疫情防控满意 否 184 22.09 40 21.74 4.39 0.036 是 649 77.91 192 29.58 
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表 2 调查对象流感疫苗接种率多因素logistic回归分析
Table 2. Associations of gender, education, perceived susceptibility of COVID19 virus, COVID 19 vaccination, and satisfaction to community epidemic control on influenza vaccination among urban/rural residents in Anhui province – multivariate logistic regression analysis
因素 比较组 参照组 β $S_{\bar x} $ Wald χ2 值 P 值 OR 值 95%CI 性别 男性 女性 0.36 0.26 4.02 0.045 1.43 1.01～2.04 教育水平 初中以上 初中及以下 0.59 0.52 4.21 0.040 1.81 1.03～3.17 自认是否可能感染新冠病毒 是 否 0.41 0.29 4.26 0.039 1.50 1.02～2.20 是否接种新冠疫苗 是 否 2.22 4.84 17.82 < 0.001 9.20 3.28～25.80 是否对社区疫情防控满意 是 否 0.47 0.34 4.99 0.025 1.61 1.06～2.47
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