Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection-related underlying diseases among permanent residents, 2023: a cross-sectional survey in Henan province
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摘要:
目的 了解河南省居民2023年新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病患病情况，为积极应对新型冠状病毒感染疫情提供参考依据。 方法 于2023年3月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法在河南省抽取5200名常住居民进行问卷调查，调查其高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、脑卒中、过敏性哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺炎、肿瘤和慢性肾病8种可能与新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病的患病情况。 结果 河南省最终纳入分析的5188名常住居民中，患新型冠状病毒重复感染相关的基础性疾病者1253例，患病率为24.2%；其中患高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、脑卒中、过敏性哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺炎、肿瘤和慢性肾病者分别有883、302、254、106、20、17、17和12例，患病率分别为17.0%、5.8%、4.9%、2.0%、0.4%、0.3%、0.3%和0.2%；患 ≥ 2种基础性疾病者283例，基础性疾病共病患病率为5.5%，其中有82.7%的共病者同时患有2种基础性疾病，15.5%的共病者同时患有3种基础性疾病，1.8%的共病者同时患有4种基础性疾病；共病模式占比较高的分别为糖尿病 + 高血压[95例（33.6%）]、高血压 + 心脏病[83例（29.3%）]、高血压 + 脑卒中[28例（9.9%）]和糖尿病 + 高血压 + 心脏病[24例（8.5%）]。 结论 河南省居民2023年新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病患病率较高，其中高血压是最主要的基础性疾病，应评估基础性疾病患者新型冠状病毒重复感染的风险，及时加以干预。 Abstract:Objective To examine the prevalence of underlying diseases potentially associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection among residents in Henan province for developing targeted strategies on the containment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Methods We carried out a face-to-face survey during March 2023 among 5 200 permanent residents (elder than one year) recruited with multistage random cluster sampling in 10 counties/districts across Henan province. The prevalence of eight uderlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, cerebral apoplexy, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], neoplasm, and chronic kidney disease [CKD]) potentially associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among the participants were analyzed based on the information collected using a questionnaire having been used by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results Among the 5188 participants with valid responses, 1 253 (24.2%) reported suffering from one or more of the eight underlying diseases and the number (proportion) of the participants suffering from one of the eight diseases were 883 (17.0%) for hypertension, 302 (5.8%) for diabetes mellitus, 254 (4.9%) for cardiac disease, 106 (2.0%) for stroke, 20 (0.4%) for allergic asthma, 17 (0.3%) for COPD, 17 (0.3%) for neoplasm, and 12 (0.2%) for CKD, respectively. There were 283 (5.5%) of the participants reported suffering from two or more of the eight underlying diseases; of the participants having comorbidities, 82.7%, 15.5%, and 1.8% suffered from 2, 3, and 4 of the eight underlying diseases, with the top four multimorbidity patterns of diabetes plus hypertension (reported by 95 [33.6%] of the participants), hypertension plus heart disease (83, 29.3%), hypertension plus stroke (28, 9.9%), and diabetes mellitus plus hypertension and heart disease (24, 8.5%). Conclusion The prevalence of underlying diseases potentially associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was higher and hypertension was a predominant underlying disease among the residents in Henan province. The results suggest that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection for persons with underlying diseases needs to be assessed. -
Key words:
- SARS-CoV-2 /
- repeat infection /
- related underlying diseases /
- prevalence
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表 1 河南省不同性别居民新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病患病情况比较
Table 1. Gender difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection-related underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neoplasm, and chronic kidney disease) among 5 188 permanent residents in Henan province, 2023
基础性疾病 男性（N = 2233） 女性（N = 2955） χ2 值 P 值 患病数 患病率（%） 患病数 患病率（%） 高血压 363 16.3 520 17.6 1.6 0.203 糖尿病 112 5.0 190 6.4 4.6 0.031 心脏病 88 3.9 166 5.6 7.7 0.006 脑卒中 51 2.3 55 1.9 1.1 0.287 过敏性哮喘 11 0.5 9 0.3 1.2 0.279 慢性阻塞性肺病 11 0.5 6 0.2 3.3 0.071 肿瘤 8 0.4 9 0.3 0.1 0.738 慢性肾病 4 0.2 8 0.3 0.5 0.496 
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表 2 河南省不同年龄居民新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病患病情况比较
Table 2. Age group difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection-related underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neoplasm, and chronic kidney disease) among 5 188 permanent residents in Henan province, 2023
基础性疾病 < 18岁
（N = 1025）18～59岁
（N = 2601）≥ 60岁
（N = 1562）P 值 患病数 患病率
（%）患病数 患病率
（%）患病数 患病率
（%）高血压 1 0.1 353 13.6 529 33.9 < 0.001 a 糖尿病 0 0 111 4.3 191 12.2 < 0.001 a 心脏病 0 0 65 2.5 189 12.1 < 0.001 a 脑卒中 0 0 26 1.0 80 5.1 < 0.001 a 过敏性哮喘 0 0 8 0.3 12 0.8 0.004 a 慢性阻塞性肺病 0 0 8 0.3 9 0.6 0.025 a 肿瘤 0 0 4 0.2 13 0.8 < 0.001 a 慢性肾病 0 0 4 0.2 8 0.5 0.019 a 注：a 采用Fisher确切概率法检验。
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表 3 河南省不同民族居民新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病患病情况比较
Table 3. Ethnic group difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection-related underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neoplasm, and chronic kidney disease) among 5 188 permanent residents in Henan province, 2023
基础性疾病 汉族（N = 5166） 少数民族（N = 22） χ2 值 P 值 患病数 患病率（%） 患病数 患病率（%） 高血压 877 17.0 6 27.3 1.0 0.318 a 糖尿病 299 5.8 3 13.6 1.3 0.266 a 心脏病 253 4.9 1 4.5 0.0 1.000 a 脑卒中 106 2.1 0 0 1.000 b 过敏性哮喘 20 0.4 0 0 1.000 b 慢性阻塞性肺病 17 0.3 0 0 1.000 b 肿瘤 17 0.3 0 0 1.000 b 慢性肾病 12 0.2 0 0 1.000 b 注：a 采用校正χ2检验；b 采用Fisher确切概率法检验。
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表 4 河南省不同居住地居民新型冠状病毒重复感染相关基础性疾病患病情况比较
Table 4. Urban-rural difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection-related underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neoplasm, and chronic kidney disease) among 5 188 permanent residents in Henan province, 2023
基础性疾病 城市（N = 766） 农村（N = 4422） χ2 值 P 值 患病数 患病率（%） 患病数 患病率（%） 高血压 105 13.7 778 17.6 7.0 0.008 糖尿病 55 7.2 247 5.6 3.0 0.082 心脏病 22 2.9 232 5.2 7.9 0.005 脑卒中 4 0.5 102 2.3 10.4 < 0.001 过敏性哮喘 6 0.8 14 0.3 3.7 0.054 慢性阻塞性肺病 0 0 17 0.4 0.086 a 肿瘤 4 0.5 13 0.3 1.0 0.308 慢性肾病 0 0 12 0.3 0.149 a 注：a 采用Fisher确切概率法检验。
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