紫外线消毒技术在抑制建筑环境内病原体传播研究进展

Progress in research on ultraviolet disinfection technology for inhibiting pathogen transmission in built environment

摘要: 消毒是抑制和阻断病原传播的重要技术手段。紫外线照射是十分有效且广谱的消毒手段，传统的汞灯消毒技术成熟、成本低，但存在辐照低、消毒周期长、易产生臭氧等不足。近年来新兴的紫外线消毒技术展现出巨大的发展潜力，国内外研究机构围绕紫外线消毒开展了系列研究。本文概述了紫外线对微生物的消毒的原理的进展，分析了温湿度及不同介质等因素对紫外线消毒的影响，紫外线辐照存在的安全问题和发展现状，展望了紫外线消毒技术的未来发展和应用前景。

Abstract: Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is an effective and broad-spectrum disinfection method. Conventional mercury vapor UV lamps are inexpensive and have been used most commonly, but there are shortcomings such as low irradiation, long disinfection cycle, and the generation of ozone. In recent years, the emerging UV disinfection technologies have shown great potential, thus domestic and international research institutions have conducted a number of studies on UV disinfection. In this review, we summarized the mechanism of UV damage to nucleic acids and proteins. Further, the effects of temperature, humidity and different media on UV disinfection technology were analyzed. Moreover, the safety, development status and future research applications of UV irradiation were clarified.