滕州市 ≥ 40岁居民带状疱疹疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析

张淑华; 杨猛; 王士洪; 王文; 聂志娇

doi:10.11847/zgggws1143380

滕州市 ≥ 40岁居民带状疱疹疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of willingness to receive herpes zoster vaccination among residents aged ≥ 40 years in Tengzhou city: a cross-sectional survey in 2023

摘要

摘要:
目的了解山东省滕州市 ≥ 40岁居民带状疱疹（HZ）疫苗的接种意愿及影响因素。
方法于2023年5 — 7月采用多阶段随机抽样方法选取滕州市1 865名 ≥ 40岁居民进行问卷调查，采用二分类非条件logistic回归模型分析HZ疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。
结果 1 865份问卷中，滕州市 ≥ 40岁居民HZ疫苗接种意愿为44.02%，接种率为1.23%。logistic回归多因素分析显示，女性（OR = 1.533，95%CI = 1.135～2.072）、居住在城镇（OR = 1.899，95%CI = 1.255～2.875）、医务人员（OR = 1.828，95%CI = 1.043～3.205）、经济来源为退休金（OR = 2.252，95%CI = 1.155～4.388）或子女给予（OR = 2.181，95%CI = 1.374～3.461）、自己或身边人患过（OR = 47.768，95%CI = 31.894～71.543）或不清楚是否患过（OR = 1.646，95%CI = 1.043～2.597）、认为是严重疾病（OR = 2.842，95%CI = 1.974～4.092）、听说过HZ疫苗（OR = 2.827，95%CI = 2.048～3.903）、接种过新冠病毒疫苗及其他疫苗（OR = 3.335，95%CI = 1.582～7.031）、能接受接种后出现的反应（OR = 2.283，95%CI = 1.583～3.292）者HZ疫苗接种意愿较高；自由职业（OR = 0.468，95%CI = 0.260～0.840）者接种意愿较低。
结论滕州市 ≥ 40岁居民HZ疫苗接种意愿相对较高，但接种率较低。性别、居住地、职业、经济来源、自己或身边人是否患过该病、是否认为是严重疾病、是否听说过HZ疫苗、是否接种过其他成人疫苗、是否能接受接种后出现的反应是滕州市 ≥ 40岁居民HZ疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the willingness and influencing factors of herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination among residents aged ≥40 years in Tengzhou city, Shandong province.
Methods A self-administered survey was conducted among 1 890 urban and rural residents aged 40 years and older in 21 towns/communities in Tengzhou city from May to July 2023, using multistage random sampling and a self-designed questionnaire. The study utilized a binary unconditional logistic regression model to examine the factors that affect the willingness to receive HZ vaccine.
Results Of the 1 865 participants with valid questionnaire responses, 44.02% reported willingness to receive HZ vaccination and only 1.23% had received HZ vaccination. The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the participants with following characteristics were more likely to receive HZ vaccination: being female (odds ratio OR = 1.533, 95% confidence interval 95%CI: 1.135 – 2.072), living in urban areas (OR = 1.899, 95%CI: 1.255 – 2.875), working in the medical field (OR = 1.828, 95%CI: 1.043 – 3.205), having a pension as their main income (OR = 2.252, 95%CI: 1.155 – 4.388) or being mainly supported by their children (OR = 2.181, 95%CI: 1.374 – 3.461), personal or peer history of HZ disease (OR = 47.768, 95%CI: 31.894 – 71.543) or uncertainty about personal history of HZ disease (OR = 1.646, 95%CI: 1.043 – 2.597), perceived severity of HZ disease (OR = 2.842, 95%CI: 1.974 – 4.092), knowledge of HZ vaccine (OR = 2.827, 95%CI: 2.048 – 3.903), having received COVID – 19 vaccine or other vaccines (OR = 3.335, 95%CI: 1.582 – 7.031), and tolerance to vaccine reactions (OR = 2.283, 95%CI: 1.583 – 3.292); whereas the participants who were self-employed were less likely to receive HZ vaccination (OR = 0.468, 95%CI: 0.260 – 0.840).
Conclusion Among the residents aged ≥ 40 years in Tengzhou city the willingness to receive HZ vaccination is relatively high, but the HZ vaccination rate is low; and the willingness is influenced by gender, place of residence, occupation, main source of income, personal or peer history of HZ disease, perceived severity of HZ disease, knowledge of HZ vaccine, vaccination history of COVID-19 vaccine and other vaccines, and tolerance to vaccine reactions.

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