高级检索

2018—2020年湖南省梅毒暴露未感染婴幼儿营养不良状况及影响因素分析

Malnutrition and related factors among syphilis-exposed uninfected infants and young children in Hunan province from 2018 to 2020

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 了解湖南省梅毒暴露未感染（SEU）婴幼儿营养不良发生状况并探讨其相关影响因素。
    方法 以2018年1月—2020年12月湖南省预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播管理信息系统登记的5 404名梅毒感染母亲所生婴幼儿为研究对象，定期随访至18月龄，收集母亲的人口学特征、妊娠分娩、梅毒感染和治疗情况、婴幼儿出生情况、婴幼儿预防性用药、梅毒检测和不同随访时点（3、6、9、12、18月龄）的身长、体重等信息，根据WHO 2006的儿童生长发育标准评估SEU婴幼儿营养不良状况，并采用广义估计方程拟合logistic回归模型分析其相关影响因素。
    结果 SEU婴幼儿在3、6、9、12和18月龄的营养不良发生率分别为7.5%（403/5 404）、6.1%（309/5 092）、4.2%（193/4 554）、3.8%（148/3 928）和3.7%（125/3 348），生长迟缓率分别为5.2%（280/5 404）、4.7%（241/5 092）、3.3%（149/4 554）、3.0%（116/3 928）和2.8%（95/3 348），低体重率分别为2.5%（135/5 404）、1.2%（62/5 092）、0.9%（40/4 554）、0.4%（15/3 928）和0.4%（12/3 348），消瘦率分别为2.0%（107/5 404）、1.2%（62/5 092）、0.9%（42/4 554）、0.8%（32/3 928）和0.9%（30/3 348）。SEU婴幼儿月龄越小，其营养不良发生率越高。母亲首次产前检查孕周≥28周调整后的比值比（ORadj）=1.63，95%CI=1.27～2.09、低出生体重（ORadj=2.35，95%CI=1.77～3.13）和早产（ORadj=1.83，95%CI=1.45～2.31）是SEU婴幼儿营养不良的危险因素；母亲孕期梅毒规范治疗（ORadj=0.78，95%CI=0.62～0.97）和女童（ORadj=0.62，95%CI=0.53～0.71）是SEU婴幼儿营养不良的保护因素。
    结论 SEU婴幼儿营养不良发生率较低，母亲首次产前检查时间晚（≥28周）、孕期梅毒规范治疗、低出生体重、早产和女童是SEU婴幼儿营养不良的影响因素。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the prevalence of malnutrition among syphilis-exposed uninfected (SEU) infants and young children in Hunan province and explore its related factors.
    Methods A total of 5 404 infants and young children born to mothers infected with syphilis, registered in the Hunan Provincial Management Information System for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B from January 2018 to December 2020, were included in this study. These children were followed up regularly until 18 months of age. Data collected included maternal demographic characteristics, gestational and delivery information, syphilis infection and treatment status, infant birth information, infant prophylactic medication use, syphilis testing results, and length and weight measurements at different follow-up time points (3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months of age). Malnutrition among SEU infants and young children was assessed based on the WHO 2006 Child Growth Standards. Generalized estimating equations were used to fit logistic regression models to analyze the related factors.
    Results The prevalence of malnutrition among SEU infants and young children at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months of age was 7.5% (403/5 404), 6.1% (309/5 092), 4.2%(193/4 554), 3.8% (148/3 928), and 3.7% (125/3 348), respectively. The prevalence of stunting was 5.2% (280/5 404), 4.7% (241/5 092), 3.3% (149/4 554), 3.0% (116/3 928), and 2.8% (95/3 348), respectively. The prevalence of underweight was 2.5% (135/5 404), 1.2% (62/5 092), 0.9%(40/4 554), 0.4% (15/3 928), and 0.4% (12/3 348), respectively. The prevalence of wasting was 2.0% (107/5 404), 1.2% (62/5 092), 0.9% (42/4 554), 0.8% (32/3 928), and 0.9% (30/3 348), respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition was higher in younger SEU infants and children. Maternal first antenatal care visit at ≥28 weeks of gestation (adjusted odds ratio ORadj=1.63, 95%CI: 1.27–2.09), low birth weight (ORadj=2.35, 95%CI: 1.77–3.13), and preterm birth (ORadj=1.83, 95%CI: 1.45–2.31) were risk factors for malnutrition in SEU infants and young children. Maternal standard syphilis treatment during pregnancy (ORadj0.78, 95%CI: 0.62–0.97) and female sex of the child (ORadj=0.62, 95%CI: 0.53–0.71) were protective factors against malnutrition.
    Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition among SEU infants and young children was relatively low. Late first antenatal care visit (≥28 weeks), standard syphilis treatment during pregnancy, low birth weight, preterm birth, and female sex were factors influencing malnutrition in SEU infants and young children.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(27)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回