Abstract: To detect the deletion of exon 14-16 and exon 21 of Rb gene in breast cancer and analysis the influence of some related risk factors of breast cancer in it.Female cases of primary breast cancer in Hubei province of China were examined by using the method of PCR amplification analysis.Deletions were detected in 14 of 69(20.3%)at exon 14-16 and 15 cases have deletion in exon 21(21.7%).Total deletion was 37.7%(26/69)and was found more frequently in the cases with the family history of cancer thathad an affected first2degree or second-degree relative than the cases without(75.0%vs.29.8%P<0.001).There are no statistically significance differences for the deletion in the age at menarche,menopause status,and number of birth,Estrogen receptor(ER)or Progesterone receptor(PR)statue.Results of the alaysis of exon 14-16 and exon 21 in comparison to the identified risk factors of breast cancer were used as basis of polychotomous logisitc regression analysis(p₁ and p₂ are probability that exon 14-16 and exon 21 mutations,p0 is the probability of a negative test).The presence of family history of cancer was noted in particular to increase the probability of a deletion or mutation.Our data indict RB gene may play a role in development of Chinese female breast cancer and the women who have an affected family history of cancer have a high probability of carry a deletion or mutation of exon 14-16 or exon 21 of Rb gene according to the statistical model.