Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence of common gynecological diseases and influence factors among women in poverty areas of Guizhou province.Methods Using the 2006 baseline survey data from "The pilot project of civil participation and integrated support" to conduct the descriptive statistic analysis.Results The prevalence rate of common gynecological diseases of married women was 53.5%,lower than the results from analogous surveys;30% of married women with common gynecological diseases didn't go to hospital for treatment,and the most reason was lack of money.Although the married women had some health care knowledge,knowing 5.64 kinds of common gynecological diseases in average,they had no healthy behavior.The main factors affecting the prevalence rate of common gynecological diseases were women's nationality,education level and household income.Conclusion Lack of correct knowledge about common gynecological diseases and the influence of social and psychological factors caused some women not to report their diseases.The actual prevalence rate of common gynecological diseases in poverty areas of Guizhou province could be higher than the survey result.It's urgent to enhance the comprehensive intervention to promote reproductive health of the women.