Abstract: Objective To understand present situation of new type rural cooperative medical system(NCMS)in Guangdong province,find problems of NCMS,and then give some advice and suggestions.Methods The investigation selected peasants(500)in central,east,west and north of Guangdong province by objective sampling,and investigated them in household.Results 64.8% peasants joined NCMS the year.There was no significant deviation of joining rate between genders.The joining rate of age groups had significant deviation(χ² =22.88,P=0.000).The joining rate of 30~44 years-old group was the highest(67.2%);and 15~29 years-old group was the lowest(51.1%).The joining rate of different educational back ground peasants had significant deviation(χ²=17.86,P=0.001).Elementary school group was the highest(74.3%);and illiter ate group was the lowest(47.1%).East of Guangdong had the highest joining rate(74.4%).West and north were relatively low(57.1%,60.2%)(χ² =11.40,P=0.010).Conclusion Presently in Guangdong NCMS still has many problems,such as insufficient publicity,low joining rate,lacking peasants' trust,unreasonable policy and complicated joining fee.