Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health Promotion and intervention in China Global Fund AIDS program Round 3 counties.Methods Cluster random sampling inrestigation on HIV/AIDS related knowledge and condom use was conducted among mass population and most-at-high-risk population with the same methods used at the end of 2004,2005 and 2006.Results From 2004 to 2006,the percentage of middle school students,residents,PL WHA and FSW who both correctly identify ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and reject major misconceptions abouth HIV transmission increased significantly from 13.25%,23.4%,45.82% and 13.84% to 45.70%,44.91%,69.39% and 48.00% respectively(P<0.001).Percentage of PL WHA who using condoms consistently with a HIV negative partner in last 3 months increased dramatically from 39.8% to 82.9%(P<0.001).Percentage of SWs who reported using condom with their most recent client of those surveyed having sex with and client in the last 12 months remained over 75%.Conclusion Although awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention among target population and condom use among PL WHA and SWs increased through campaign of health promotion and intervention in program counties,there are still more than half of target population who can't correctly identify ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and reject major misconceptions abouth HIV transmission and condom use among PL WHA and FSW needs to be increased.Further health promotion and intervention campaign should be oriented to the needs of different target populations in program counties.