Abstract: Objective To analyze the nutrition/dietary related knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)profile,and uncover influential factors among urban residents in Shanghai.Methods Nuclear families,1060 in total,were sampled through cluster random sampling from Xuhui district,Shanghai.Wives and husbands in selected families were investigated by structural questionnaires on nutrition/dietary related KAP.Results Residents' average score of nutrition knowledge was 51.37 with insufficient awareness of some important nutrition knowledge points.The wife had a higher score than the husband.The higher education level one had,the higher score he/she got.There were 74.06% of the subjects had an inadequate daily intake of vegetable,and 55.42% and 44.91% for inadequate milk and beans,respectively.More than 3/4(76.69%)of subjects chose food considering nutrition value rather than its appearance,and 62.40% of them determined daily diet according to nutrition knowledge.Had the advantages been known,66.73% of subjects would be willing to and 31.19% of them might be willing to change their diethabits.Among all respondents,the wife,the elder,those worked as teachers,clerk or medical staff,those with a monthly income of 1,000 to 2,000 RMB,and those with a higher nutrition knowledge score tended to use nutrition theory to guide their daily diet.Conclusion Shanghai residents' knowledge on nutrition is inadequate,some of their attitude is not beneficial to health and their unhealthy daily dietary needs rectification.