Abstract: Objective To study the cause of self-medication of Wuhan citizens.Methods Questionnaire inquiry was conducted among the citizens by group sampling method.Results The first three causes of self-medication were the illness being slight(36.7%),having the similar illness before(29.6%)and for saving money(16.9%).The difference was of statistic significance on the causes of the illness being slight and for saving money in different ages.The difference was also of statistic significance on the cause of saving money in different incomes and different education levels.Conclusion The dwellers did self-medication for ailment and common illness.The dwellers with low income,low education or midde-l elder ages did self-medication much more for saving money.