Abstract: Objective To explore risk factors of diabetes mellitus(DM)and mipaired glucose regulation(IGR)among residents aged>25 years in midwestern rural area of Shandong province.Methods By multi-stage and randomization sampling method,a sample of 16 388 rural residents was selected and investigated with standard questionnaire.Height,weight,waist circum ference,blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose(FPG)were measured.Oral glucose to lerance test (OGTT)was performed for subjects with FPG of 6.1 to 7.0mmol/L.IGR and DM were defined according to crite ria of WHO 1999.Results Family history of DM(OR=1.609,95%CI 1.088~2.379),family history of hyper tension(OR= 1.363,95%CI 1.112~1.670),BMI(OR=1.216,95%CI 1.082~1.367),hypertension(OR=1.401,95%CI 1.154~ 1.701),age(OR=1.116,95%CI 1.030~1.208)were risk factors for IIFG.Age(OR=1.207,95%CI1.022~1.425),hypertension(OR=1.662,95%CI 1.095~2.524),waist circum ference(OR=1.668,95%CI 1.359~2.048)were risk factors for IFG/IGT.Family history of DM(OR=3.048,95%CI 2.276~4.083),age(OR=1.419,95%CI 1.313~1.534),hypertension(OR=1.407,95%CI 1.180~1.677),waist circum ference(OR=1.555,95%CI 1.425~1.698)were risk factors for DM.Occupation,income and exercises were also related with DM.Conclusion Age,hypertension and obesity were common risk factors for DM and IGR.Priorities should beset for the elderly,especially for those with hypertension or central obesity.