Abstract: ObjectiveTo provide a way for restoration and reconstruction of disaster area through surveying the knowledge and attitude of disaster resistance among residents of disaster area.MethodsA face-to-face interview was conducted among the urban and rural residents in Kangxian county to collect data on their knowledge and attitude of disaster resistance.ResultsOf all the investigated people,610 people(65.4%)didn't know how to self-rescue after the earthquake,which had a significant difference between urban and rural residents(P=0.000).258 people(27.7%)didn't know there was likely to appear epidemic of infectious diseases after earthquake.Over 80.0% of interviewees thought they were satisfied with the efficiency of emergency actions and health services provided by local government.703 people(75.3%)believed that capital scarcity was the major hamper for the reconstruction of their home.505 people(54.1%)had full confidence to reconstruct home.And mass media were found to be the main way for the residents to acquire the disaster knowledge.ConclusionThe cognition rate of anti earthquake and disaster mitigation among the residents of Kangxian county is low,so it is very necessary for people to improve their knowledge and skills of disaster resistance,and meanwile for government to improve and complete the operational capability and system against the emergent natural disaster.