Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of nosocomialpneumonia (NP) and to provide scientific evidence for the preventive strategy of NP.MethodsOverall 191 adultpatients with NP and 191 adult patients without NP were collected from three hospitals in Taiyuan area from January 2005 to December 2005.The method of case-control study, oneway and multiple factor logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of NP.ResultsThe independent risk factors of NP were being equal to or elder than 60 (RR=3.589),previous disease (RR=2.472),treatment with more than two antibiotics (RR=2.217),hospitalization in intensive care unit(RR=2.217),hospitalization more than 21 days (RR=2.157),and treatment with cascade hum idification system(RR=2.039).ConclusionThe occurrence of NP is influenced by a lot of factors with complicated interaction.The preventive strategy and measures should be focused on the risk factors.