Abstract: ObjectiveTo understand the incidence and risk factors of helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection among rural children in Ganyu county of Jiangsu province.MethodsHp infection survey was carried out in pupils in Ganyu county in Dec 2004, and a cohort of Hp infection was built by detecting Hp rapid urease and anti-Hp antibody.ResultsThe total rate of Hp infection was 20.16%,and the rate of boys and girls was 18.78%,22.22%,respectively The infection rate among the subjects of 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 years old and between 12 to 15 years old was 15.02%,17.37%,19.33%,19.43%,18.86%,24.40%,23.64%,respectively.By using logistic regrssion we found that age, sex, school, economy level had remarkable correlation with infection rate.The cohort research showed that the total incidence density was 2.32%,and that of the boys and girls was 2.01%,2.80%,respectively.The incidence density among the pupils of 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 years old and between 12 to 15 years old was 2.68%,2.40%,1.99%,2.06%,1.31%,2.91%,5.00%,respectively.By using univariate logistic regrssion we found that age, sex, school,economy level had no correlation with incidence density.ConclusionThe infection rate of Hp in rural children in Ganyu county of Jiangsu province was high, which showed an un-fixed astending trend with age growth, but the infection rate was lower than that of other areas.