Abstract: Objective To understand the specificity,sensitivity and practicality of colloidal gold assay in the detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 group.Methods Stool specimens of patients were incubated in a lkaline peptone water(35℃)for 6 hours.Then the colloidal gold method was used to detect Vibrio cholerae.At the same time conventional culture of Vibrio chole rae was identified with serum agglutination as the golds tandard.The results of two methods were compared.Results Among 700 samples,105 Vibrio cholerae were identified with conventional methol method and 108 identified with collidal gold assay and there was nosignificant difference between the two methods.(χ²=0.24,P>0.05).The sensitivity of colloidal gold method for Vibrio cholerae O1 detetion was 93.33%,with a specificity of 98.32,a positive predictive value of 90.74%,a negative value of 97.18%,a false negative rate of 1.68%,and a false positive rate of 6.67%.Conclusion The colloidal gold method has good specificity and sensiticity and consistency with conventional method in Vibrio cholerae O1 detection.The method is valueable in rapid detection of Vibrio chplerae O1.