Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the genetic polymorphismof 15 short tandem repeats(STRs)loci in Bama Yao ethnic group in Guangxi.MethodsDNA samples from 114 Bama Yao unrelated individuals in Guangxi were analyzed with multi-plex PCR amplification and Genetic Analyzer.Gene frequency,heterozygosity(H),discrimination power(DP),probability of paternity exclusion(EP)and polymorphism information content(PIC)were calculated.ResultsTotally 120 alleles in 15 STR sloci were observed with gene frequency of 0.0044-0.5307.The H was at 0.6228-0.8684,PIC was at 0.5929-0.8441,DP was at 0.8176-0.9591,and EP was at 0.3191-0.7315 in observed STR sloci except TPOX.The cumulative paternity of exclusion power for the seSTR markers in Bama Yao population was 0.999 953 702 and the cumulative discrimination power was 0.999 999 999(except TPOX).Compared with Jinxiu Yao,Lingui Yao,and Qingyuan Yao ethnic groups,there were significant differences between Bama Yao ethnic group and the three groups in allele frequencies at most of 15 STR sloci.ConclusionThe 14 STR sloci of Bama Yao ethnic group in Guangxi show high genetic polymorphism.They can be used as genetic markers of Bama Yao ethnic group in population genetics study.