Abstract: Objective To identify risk factors of injury among prinary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and to provide scientific evidence for injury intervention and monitoring.Methods A total of 24 168 students of prmary and secondary schoolwere sampled throughmulti-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling The questionnaire survey for students of grade 1-4 was administered by their parents, and that of students of above grade 4 was self-admroistered Campus security situation was investigated with on-site survey and consultation with school medical staff Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of injury.Results The incidence of injury among the students was 21.63% with aperson-tin a incidence of 35.30%.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, lunch break, academ is records, paternal age, family monthly income, liking sport or not, wearing situation of shoes, the maintenance of sports' equipment, taking physical exercise with tiredness or not, taking part in physical exercise with illness or not, and the frequency ofplayingwith aninalwere the influencing factors of injury.Conclusion The occurrence of injury among prin ary and secondary school students is associated with risk factors of individual, family and school environment.For the prevention and control of injury in school students, the risk factors should be considered comprehensively.