Abstract: Objective To understand factors corre lated with HIV1 drug resistance in patients with antiretro viral treatment.Methods Overall 114 AIDS patients under an tiretroviral treatment(ART)were recruited in the study.A survey was conducted to collect information corre lated with HIV1 drugresistance.HIV1 RNA was extracted from the plasma of the patients and the pol fragments was amplified and sequenced.The sequence was analyzed for HIV 1 drug resistance,and factors correlated with drugre sistance were analyzed.Results HIV1 pol sequences were obtained from 86 patients.Among them,15 harbored mutations related to lowor higher level resistance,and the rate of resistance to ART was 17.4%(15/86).Higher rates of resistance were found in the patients with A RT compliance above 50% but less than 90% compared to that of 90% or higher(OR=8.591,p=0.030).Higher drug resistant rates were also found in patients with ART treatmentmore than 1 year(OR=8.089,P<0.030)and with an employment of farmer(OR=4.223,p=0.017).Conclusion Compliance to ART,treatment time,and employment are corre lated with antiretroviral resistance among AIDS patients.Drug resistance will occurmore frequently in patients with A RT compliance lower than 90%,receiving ART for more than one year,or employed as farmer.