Abstract: Objective To explore the treatment intention of non-communicable chronic disease(NCD) among residents in rural communities of Guangzhou and Zhong shan city for comprehensive prevention and cure of NCD.Methods To tally 278 rural residents from a town of Zhong shan and 20264 from a district of Guang zhou were selected randomly and investigated with a questionnaire.The treamtent intention of NCD and its main influencing factors among the subjects were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of the non communicable chronic diseases among the residents of Guangzhou and Zhong shan were 12.43% and 9.43%,respectively.In Zhong shan,65.7% of the residents chose the district hospital or the second level hospital for the treamtent and the figure in Guang zhou was 49.2%.The proportion of the residents who chose the third level general hospital or specialized hospital for the treamtent of NCD in Guangzhou(25.9%) was obviously higher than that of in Zhong shan(3.9%,P < 0.05).The propor tions of residents choosing community health center for treamtent of NCD in the two cities were unive rsally low(29.1% and 14.6%) and the proportions of choosing hospital inenterprise or government institution,health care station and other medical institution for treatment were relatively low(1.3% and 10.2% in the two cities).Logisticreg ression analysis showed that age(odds ratioOR=1.138),occupation(OR=1.050),physical exercise(OR=0.508) and healthcare knowledge(OR=1.825) were prmiary influencing factors to the treamtent intention of NCD among the residents in rural communities in Guangzhou and Zhongshan city.Conclusion The treamtent intention of NCD among residents in rural communities is not high.Much more work should be done to guideruralre sidentswith NCD to take the treamtent in community health service organization,and to develop standardized management regulation for treamtent of NCD in community.