Abstract: Objective To explore the the relationship between gene polymorphisms of TNF-α-308 G/A and IL-1 β-511 C/T and Legionella infection.Methods Thirty-two individuals infected with Legionella were selected as case group and 100 other pulmonary disease patients with negative Legionella test were selected as and control group by randomized sampling,and 70 healthy individuals having health examination in the same period were chosen as another control group.The tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-G308A and interlenki-1 β(IL-1 β)-C511T gene polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Results In case group,the frequency of GG,GA,and AA of TNF-α-308 was 75%,25%,and 0% in the disease control group,the frequency of GG,GA,and AA and 87%,13%,and 0% ;in the healthy control group,the frequency of GG,GA,and AA was 68.6%,31.4%,and 0%.There was no statistical difference for the TNF-α-G308A genotype and allele frequencies between case group and control groups(χ²=0.437,0.362,P=0.509,0.548;χ²=2.609,2.384,P=0.106,0.123).In case group,the frequency of CC,CT,and TT of IL-1 β-511 was 0%,53.1%,and 46.9% ;in the disease control group,the frequency of CC,CT,and TT was 3.4%,48.3%,and 48.3% ;in the healthy control group,the frequency of CC,CT,and TT was 10%,51.4%,and 38.6%.There was no statistical difference for the IL-1 β-C511T genotype and allele frequencies between three groups(χ²=4.466,2.420,P=0.334,0.298).Conclusion The gene polymorphisms of TNF-α-G308A and IL-1 β-C511T was not associated with Legionella infection.TNF-αgene and IL-1 βgene may be not the predisposing genes of Legionella infection.