Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine clinical characteristics,risk factors and prevention measures of nosocomial infections in neurosurgical patients.MethodsThe clinical data of neurosurgical inpatients form Jan 2009 to Jun 2010 were analyzed for incidence and pathogenic bacterium of nosocomial infections.ResultsAmong the 3 454 patients,the incidence of nosocomial infection was 4.52% (156/3 454)with 192 patient times infection(5.56%).The main sites of the infection were surgical site(2.43%,84),lower respiratory tract(2.06%,71)and urinary tract(0.49%,17).The main risk factors for the infections were intracranial tube(55.77%,87/156),staying in intensive care ward after surgery (65.38%,102/156)and unsuitable use of antibiotics(94.23%,147/156).The most common pathogens of the infections were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(24.14%,21/87),Acinetobacter baumannii(21.84%,19/87),and Staphylococcus aureus(14.94%,13/87).ConclusionSurgical site infection is predominant among the neurosurgical nosocomial infections.Many risk and susceptible factors relate to nosocomial infection in neurosurgical patient and specific preventive and control measures should be taken according to the specific circumstances.