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信阳市3~6岁儿童忽视现状及其影响因素

Prevalence of children neglect and its influencing factors among urban children aged 3-6 years in Xinyang city

  • 摘要: 目的了解河南省信阳市3~6岁儿童忽视状况及影响因素。方法采用"中国3~6岁城区儿童忽视常模"中制定的量表和评价方法,调查1 005名3~6岁儿童忽视状况,采用多因素logistic回归分析方法分析忽视的相关影响因素。结果调查对象总忽视率为31.7%,男童总忽视率和身体忽视率高于女童(均P<0.05);不同年龄组总忽视率和安全忽视率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);三代同堂、核心家庭儿童在总忽视率、情感忽视率、医疗忽视率层面低于单亲家庭和再婚家庭儿童(均P<0.05);调查儿童忽视度为(45.7±6.8),男女童总忽视度差异无统计学意义(u=1.35,P=0.172),但男童身体忽视度高于女童(u=2.95,P=0.002);不同年龄组总忽视度、身体、教育及安全忽视度差异有统计学意义(均P=0.000),三代同堂、核心家庭儿童总忽视度、情感、教育、安全和医疗忽视度低于单亲家庭和再婚家庭儿童(均P=0.000);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,家庭类型(OR=4.689,P=0.009)、父母亲职业(OR=0.064;P=0.001)、父母亲文化程度(OR=0.130,P=0.000)、父母的关系(OR=4.578,P=0.000)4个因素是儿童受忽视的主要影响因素。结论信阳市3~6岁儿童受忽视程度比较严重,影响儿童受忽视的主要因素为家庭类型、父母亲文化程度、父母亲职业、父母的关系。

     

    Abstract: Objective To examine the current situation of children neglect and its influencing factors among children aged 3-6 years in urban Xinyang. Methods Scales and evaluation methods from the "Chinese Urban Child Aged 3-6 Years Neglect Evaluation Norm" were used in this study.Totally 1 005 children aged 3 to 6 years in urban Xinyang were randomly selected for the survey.Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used in data analyses. Results The total neglect rate in the children was 31.7%(319/1 005);the boys had significantly higher total neglect rate and body neglect rate than the girls(P<0.05).There were significant differences in total neglect rate and safety neglect rate among the children of different age groups(P<0.05).The total neglect rate,emotional neglect rate,medical neglect rate in nuclear families and families with three generations were lower than those of in single-parent families and remarried families(P<0.05 for all).The total neglect degree in the urban children was 45.7±6.8.There was no significant difference in total neglect degree between boys and girls(U=1.35,P=0.172),but the boys had significantly higher body neglect degree than the girls(U=2.95,P=0.002).There were significant differences in total neglect degree,body neglect degree,medical neglect degree,and safety neglect degree among the children of different age groups(P=0.000 for all).The total neglect degree,emotional neglect degree,educational neglect degree,safety neglect degree,and medical neglect degree in nuclear families and families with three generations were lower than those of in single-parent families and remarried families(F=70.30,P=0.000;F=59.98,P=0.000;F=43.11,P=0.000;F=66.32,P=0.000;F=70.35, P=0.000).Based on non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis,the influential factors of children neglect were family structure(odds ratioOR=4.689,P=0.009),parents' occupation(OR=0.064,P=0.001),parents' educational background(OR=0.130,P=0.000),and relationship between father and mother(OR=4.578, P=0.000). Conclusion The neglect situation of urban children is serious in Xinyang and the main influencing factors are family structure,parents' occupation,parents' educational background,and relationship between father and mother.

     

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