农村饮水安全工程微生物超标影响因素分析

郑建刚; 王东海; 李秋娟; 姚玉斌; 林平; 唐加林; 谢丽丽

doi:10.11847/zgggws2013-29-12-17

农村饮水安全工程微生物超标影响因素分析

Influencing factors of excessive microbe contents in rural drinking water

摘要

摘要: 目的分析江西省农村饮水安全工程水质微生物超标影响因素，为制定相关政策提供科学依据。方法根据2012年江西省50个县（市、区）2 451个农村饮水安全工程水质监测中的微生物检测结果，选取不同时期、水源类型、工程规模、水处理方式和消毒方式5个因素，分别比较各因素间水样微生物超标情况。结果丰水期水样菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群超标率分别为21.87%、55.45%、42.43%，高于枯水期的17.97%、49.80%、37.74%。地面水菌落总数超标率为17.61%，低于地下水的21.19%。大型工程水样总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群超标率分别为25.88%、19.44%，低于小型工程的54.63%、41.63%。完全处理与仅消毒水样菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群超标率分别为12.07%、20.64%、13.79%和9.15%、17.07%、13.29%，均低于沉淀过滤与未处理水样超标率分别为20.15%、63.17%、50.42%和24.32%、60.50%、44.63%。水样经液氯消毒后菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群超标率分别为5.85%、10.37%、9.04%，低于其他消毒方式水样超标率。结论不同时期、水源类型、工程规模、水处理方式和消毒方式等因素对水样中微生物的含量均有影响。

Abstract: Objective To analyze the influencing factors of excessive microbe contents in rural drinking water in Jiangxi province and to provide evidence for policy making.Methods According to the results of microbe detection of 2 451 rural drinking water samples from 50 counties(cities,districts)of Jiangxi province in 2012,influences of different season,water source,scale of water supply facility,method of water processing and way of disinfection on microbe content in the water were analyzed.Results The exceeding standard rates of total number of colonies,total coliforms,and heat-resistant coliform bacteria were higher in wet season than that in dry season(21.87% vs 17.97%,55.45% vs 49.80%,and 42.43% vs 37.74%,respectively).The exceeding standard rate of total number of colonies was lower in surface water than that in ground water(17.61% vs 21.19%).The exceeding standard rates of total number of colonies and heat-resistant coliform bacteria were lower in large-scale faccilities than that in small facilities.(25.88% vs 54.63% and 19.44% vs 41.63%,respectively).The exceeding standard rates of total number of colonies(12.07% vs 24.32% and 9.15% vs 20.15%),total coliforms(20.64% vs 60.50% and 17.07% vs 60.50%),and heat-resistant coliform bacteria(13.79% vs 44.63% and 13.29% vs 50.42%)were lower in fully treated and disinfected water than that in filtered and untreated Water.The exceeding standard rates of total number of colonies,total coliforms and heat-resistant coliform bacteria were lower in the water disinfected with liquid chlorine than that disinfected with other disinfection methods.Conclusion Different season,type of water source,scale of water supply facility,method of water processing and way of disinfection are influencing factors of microbe content in rural drinking water.

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