Abstract: Objective To confirm the effect and mechanism of compound traditional Chinese medicine components on prevention and treatment of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.Methods Intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin(0.055 mg/g)was used to establish diabetes rat model;an experimental model group,high-,medium-,and low-compound traditional Chinese medicine groups,and a positive control group(metformin)were also established.Then a number of related indicators of renal functions were measured.Results The compound traditional Chinese medicine component showed a definite hypoglycemic effects,and reduced levels of blood urine nitrogen(BUN),plasma creatinine(Cr),caspase-3,urine protein(UP)and increased Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase of kidney were observed.Conclusion The compound traditional Chinese medicine components can prevent and treat diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting the apoptosis and improving renal function in diabetic rats.