Comparative study on different diet habit and prevalence of obesity among three ethnic minority groups in Yunnan province
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摘要: 目的 比较分析云南省布依族、彝族和白族居民的饮食习惯及肥胖和中心性肥胖情况，探讨饮食习惯与肥胖的关系，为少数民族肥胖的管理和控制工作提供参考依据。方法 采用按比例概率抽样方法对在云南省罗平县布依族、通海县彝族和玉龙县白族3个聚集乡随机抽取的1 145名≥18岁常住少数民族居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果 彝族居民的高盐饮食比例（32.6%）和食腌制品≥3次/周的比例（67.1%）最高，布依族居民食油及脂肪多的食物每周≥3次/周的比例最高（78.7%），白族居民一日三餐按时吃的比例最高（89.5%）；布依族、彝族和白族居民的标化肥胖率分别为11.5%、5.5%和3.1%，标化中心性肥胖率分别为47.9%、37.2%和50.3%，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；一日三餐按时吃居民的肥胖率为5.1%，低于不按时吃居民的13.0%（χ2=19.01，P<0.01），每周食油及脂肪多居民的中心性肥胖率为49.3%，高于食油及脂肪少居民的40.6%（χ2=8.56，P<0.05）。结论 布依族、彝族和白族居民的饮食习惯及肥胖和中心性肥胖率存在明显差异；按时就餐和减少食油及脂肪多的食物频率有助于减少肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生。Abstract: Objective To compare differences in diet habit and prevalence of obesity and central obesity among Buyi,Ni and Bai ethnic minorities and to explore the relationship between different diet habits and prevalence of obesity and central obesity for management and control of the obesity in the populations.Methods Probability proportional to size(PPS)sampling method was used to select a representative sample of 1 145 ethnic minorities aged 18 years and over from three residential townships of Yi,Buyi,and Bai ethnic minorities.Questionnaire survey and physical examination were carried out among the participants.Results Of the participants,the Yi ethnic minority had highest proportions of eating salty food(32.6%)and eating curing food more than three times a week(67.1%),and those ratios were lowest in Buyi ethnic minority(11.0%and 45.9%),with significant differences(P<0.05 for all).The proportion of eating high grease and fat food more than three times per week was highest among the Buyi ethnic minority(78.7%),whereas the proportion was the lowest among Yi ethnic minority(28.2%).Bai ethnic minority had the highest proportion of eating three meals a day on time.The standardized prevalence of obesity was 11.5%,5.5%,and 3.1%and the standardized prevalence of central obesity was 47.9%,37.2%,and 50.3%for Buyi,Ni,and Bai ethnic minority,respectively.There were significant differences in the prevalence rates of obesity and central obesity among the three ethnic minority groups(P<0.05).The minority participants with the habit of eating three meals a day on time had lower prevalence of obesity compared to those without the habit(5.1%vs.13.0%,P<0.01),and the participants with the habit of eating high grease and fat food more than three times a week had higher prevalence of central obesity compared to those without the habit(49.3%vs.40.0%,P<0.05).Conclusion There were significant differences in diet habits and prevalence of obesity and central obesity among three ethnic minority groups.Eating meals on time and reducing the frequency of eating high grease and fat food are helpful to decrease the occurrence of obesity and central obesity.
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Key words:
- diet habit /
- obesity /
- central obesity /
- ethnic minorities
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