Prevalence of disabilities related to maternal and child safety in China, 1987-2006
-
摘要: 目的 了解中国0~6岁儿童与母婴安全相关的残疾现患率及不同年份的残疾变化情况。方法 利用1987年第一次和2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查数据，以0~6岁儿童为研究对象，利用SPSS 16.0软件分析不同特征儿童与母婴安全相关残疾的分布，比较1987—2006年母婴安全相关残疾变化趋势。结果 2006年与母婴安全相关残疾现患率为7.86‰，高于1987年的7.16‰；1987年男童残疾现患率为7.48‰，女童为6.66‰，差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.295，P=0.022）；2006年男童残疾现患率为8.55‰，女童为7.04‰，差异有统计学意义（χ2=13.835，P<0.001）；1987年农村地区儿童残疾现患率为7.62‰，城镇为5.65‰，差异有统计学意义（χ2=21.886，P<0.001）；2006年农村地区为8.55‰，城镇地区为6.00‰，差异有统计学意义（χ2=31.298，P<0.001）。结论 中国与母婴安全相关的残疾情况较为严重，20年间中国母婴保健不良的结局正在经历“从死亡向带残生存”的模式转变。Abstract: Objective To examine the changes in the prevalence rate,types and distribution of disability related to maternal and child safety among 0-6 years old population from 1987 to 2006 in China.Methods Quantitative analyses were carried out based on the data from the two waves of National Sample Survey on Disability in 1987 and 2006 with SPSS 16.0 statistical software.The total number of eligible subjects was 206 160 in 1987 and 191 993 in 2006,respectively.Results The prevalence rate of disability related to maternal and child safety in 2006 was 7.86‰,higher than that in 1987(7.16‰),and the prevalence rates in the boys were significantly higher than those in the girls both in 1987(7.48‰ vs.6.66‰,χ2=5.295;P=0.022)and in 2006(8.55‰ vs.7.04‰,χ2=13.835;P<0.001).The prevalence rate among the children in rural areas in 1987 was 7.62‰,and that in urban areas was 5.65‰,with a significant difference(χ2=21.886,P<0.001),and the prevalence rate in rural areas was also significantly higher than that in the urban areas in 2006(8.55‰ vs.6.00‰,χ2=31.298;P<0.001).Conclusion The disabilities related to maternal and child safety becomes a serious health problem and the adverse outcome of the disabilities is under the transition from mortality to living with disability during the 20 years in China.
-
Key words:
- maternal and child safety /
- disability /
- children
-
[1] Black RE,Allen LH,Bhutta ZA,et al.Maternal and child undernutrition:global and regional exposures and health consequences[J].The Lancet,2008,371(9608):243-260. [2] Ekman B,Pathmanathan I,Liljestrand J.Integrating health interventions for women,newborn babies,and children:a framework for action[J].The Lancet,2008,372(9642):990-1000. [3] Bhutta ZA,Ali S,Cousens S,et al.Interventions to address maternal,newborn,and child survival:what difference can integrated primary healthcare strategies make?[J].The Lancet,2008,372(9642):972-989. [4] 梁伯衡.全国婴儿死亡率现况及其影响因素研究[D].成都:四川大学硕士学位论文,2005. [5] 周远洋,朱军,王艳萍,等.19962010年全国孕产妇死亡率变化趋势[J].中华预防医学杂志,2011,45(10):934-939. [6] Zheng X,Chen G,Song X,et al.Twenty-year trends in the prevalence of disability in China[J].Bulletin of the World Health Organization,2011,89(11):788-797. [7] 北京协和医院世界卫生组织疾病分类合作中心.疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类(第十次修订本)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006. [8] 第二次全国残疾人抽样调查领导小理,中华人民共和国国家统计局.第二次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据公报[R].北京:中国统计出版社,2006. [9] 李立明.流行病学[M].6版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007. [10] 程晓明.卫生经济学[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007. [12] 国家统计局.中国卫生统计年鉴1989[M].北京:中国统计出版社,1989. [13] 中华人民共和国卫生部.中国卫生统计年鉴2012[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2013. [14] 王占东,韩雨凯.新传染病的流行态势及控制对策[J].中国公共卫生,2001,17(12):1145-1146. [16] 田宝,张扬,邱卓英,等.两次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据的比较与分析[J].中国特殊教育,2007,86(8):54-56. [17] Wilson RW.Do health indicators indicate health?[J].American Journal of Public Health,1981,71(5):461-463. [18] Mayers GC,Lam VL.Theoretical perspectives on healthy life expectancy[M]//Robine JM.et al(eds).Calculation of health expectancies:harmonization,consensus achieved and future perspectives.Montrouge:John Libbey Eurotext Ltd,1993,109-119. [19] Gruenberg EM.The failures of success.The Milbank Memorial Fund quarterly[J].Health and Society,1977:3-24. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 880
- HTML全文浏览量: 226
- PDF下载量: 27
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
