Abstract: Objective To describe current situation of tobacco exposure and its influencing factors among Naxi ethnic minority in Yulong county of Yunnan province.Methods Probability proportional to size(PPS)sampling method was used to select a representative sample (2 653) of residents aged 18 years and over from Yulong county.Information were collected with a questionnaire survey.Results In the study population,the prevalence rates of current smoking,secondhand smoke exposure(SHS),and moderate or higher level nicotine dependence were 34.0%,33.5%,and 11.0%,respectively.Compared to the females,the males had obviously higher prevalence of current smoking(69.5% vs.2.0%)and nicotine dependence(22.3% vs.0.9%).There were significant differences in the prevalences of current smoking and nicotine dependence between males and females(P<0.01).Filtered cigarette smoking was the most popular form of tobacco smoking(89.9%) for Naxi ethnic minority,and 76.7% of tobacco users reported initiating smoking during adolescence.Within the 12 months before the survey,only 22.3% of smokers had at least one attempt to quit smoking.In the past seven days,a total of 80.8%(81.6% for females and 78.4% for males)of non-smokers exposed to SHS in public places,79.9%(82.7% for females and 71.5% for males)exposed to SHS in workplaces,and 88.1%(90.0% for females and 82.6% for males)exposed to SHS at home,and the prevalence rate of exposure to SHS was higher in women than in men at the three settings(P<0.01).Individual educational level was a protective factor for smoking and was inversely associated with the prevalence of current smoking(odds ratioOR=0.717,95% confidence interval95% CI0.538-0.957).Non-smokers in public places were more likely to expose to SHS than those in non-public places(OR=1.61,95% CI 1.18-2.20).Conclusion Future tobacco control policies should be focused on people with low education and on reduction of exposure to SHS in public places in Yulong county.