Abstract: Objective To evaluate overall level and ethnic disparities in quality of life and related factors among rural women in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Ningxia).Methods A survey was conducted among 913 rural women and Euro Qol(EQ-5D) was used to measure their quality of life.Results The respondents reported higher impairments in all dimensions of EQ-5D(8.7%,5.6%,14.8%,42.4%,and 32.1%,respectively) than the national norm for females,among which pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were most prevalent with a higher prevalence rate for Hui minorities(46.0% and 35.1%,respectively) compared to those of Han women(37.6% and 28.0%,respectively).Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that there were ethnic disparities in impairments for pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression that could be explained by the presence of chronic diseases and the presence of chronic diseases was a significant predictor for impairments in all five dimensions.Conclusion Health-related quality of life(HRQoL) is poor among rural women in Ningxia and there are ethnic disparities in HRQoL.The presence of chronic diseases is a major influcing factor of HRQoL and ethnic disparities in HRQoL.