辽源市居民基本药物制度知晓及免费使用态度调查

马洁; 张晓荧; 张文锐; 宋燕青

doi:10.11847/zgggws2015-31-07-20

辽源市居民基本药物制度知晓及免费使用态度调查

Awareness of essential medicine institution and attitude toward essential medication free of charge among residents in Liaoyuan city

摘要

摘要: 目的了解吉林省辽源市居民基本药物制度知晓及免费使用态度情况,为探讨“老年人在基层医疗机构免费使用基本药物”政策的可行性、开展方式、可预见的问题及解决措施提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样方法对在辽源市抽取的280名老年组(60~85岁)和300名非老年组(30~59岁)共580名居民进行问卷调查。结果老年组居民不知晓、听说过、了解和非常了解基本药物制度者分别占53.9%、19.6%、21.0%和5.4%,非老年组居民分别占46.7%、26.7%、19.3%和7.3%,2组居民对基本药物制度的知晓情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);老年组居民正受病痛困扰者占42.1%,高于非老年组居民的25.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=17.62,P=0.000);老年组居民定期体检且对自己身体状况非常了解、身体不舒适则就医和不体检且基本不就医者分别占30.0%、62.1%和1.4%,非老年组居民分别占28.7%、54.0%和17.3%,2组居民对身体状况了解程度差异有统计学意义(χ²=11.93,P=0.003);老年组与非老年组居民比较,2组居民在家中剩余药物用途、是否会用自己的免费额度为家人买药和基本药物免费额度有结余时的处理办法等基本药物免费使用态度方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),基本药物免费使用能否减轻经济负担基本药物免费使用态度方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年人大多受疾病困扰且就诊意愿较高,制定“老年人在基层医疗机构免费使用基本药物”这一政策具有可行性,但在积极推行的同时还应考虑存在的风险。

Abstract: Objective To examine the awareness of essential medicine institution and the attitude toward essential medication free of charge among residents in Liaoyuan city,Jilin province and to provide references for the feasibility and implements of the policy of essential medication free of charge for elderly people at grass-roots medical institutions.Methods Totally 280 elderly residents(aged 60-80 years)and 300 middle-aged residents(30-69 years old)were selected in Liaoyuan city with stratified random sampling and surveyed with a questionnaire.Results The proportion of the people without awareness of,having heard of,knowing a little about,and knowing well about essential medicine institution were 53.9%,19.6%,21.0%,and 5.4% among the elderly and 46.7%,26.7%,19.3%,and 7.3% among the middle-aged,respectively,and there was no significant difference in the awareness of essential medicine institution between the elderly and the middle-aged residents(P>0.05).The percentage of people suffering from diseases(42.1%)in the elderly was significantly higher than that in the middle-aged(25.7%)(χ²=17.62,P=0.000).The proportion of the people doing periodic physical examination while knowing very well about health status of oneself,seeing a doctor when feeling uncomfortable,and never doing physical examination nor seeing a doctor were 30.0%,62.1%,and 1.4% among the elderly and 28.7%,54.0%,and 17.3% among the middle-aged,respectively,and there was a significant difference in the awareness of health status between the two groups(χ²=11.93,P=0.003).There were significant differences in behaviors related to the attitude toward essential medication free of charge,such as the management of remaining medicine stored at home,whether using self free allowances for essential medication to buy drugs for family members,and the management of remaining free allowances for essential medication,between the elderly and the middle-aged residents(all P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the consideration of reducing financial burden with the utilization of essential medication free of charge(P>0.05).Conclusion Most elderly people are sufferers of diseases and more willing to seek medication;the policy of essential medication free of charge at grass-roots medical institutions is feasible,however relevant risk in the implementation of the policy should be taken into consideration.

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