Abstract: Objective To explore anti-inflammatory effect of oligopeptitde extracted from Panax ginseng planted in Jilin province and the mechanism of the effect in rats with chronic inflammation.Methods Fifty specific pathogen free (SPF) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:a control group with gastric gavage of distilled water and four ginseng treatment groups with oligopeptide extracted from Panax ginseng planted in Jilin province at the dosages of 62.5,125.0,250.0,and 500.0 mg/kg via gastric gavage once a day for 30 consecutive days.Tampon granuloma was induced in all the rats with tampon embedding method and granuloma was weighed.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to detect serum inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β),interleukin 10 (IL-10),nitric oxide (NO),and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of the rats.Results The weight of tampon granulona of the rats exposed to 250 mg/kg oligopeptide from Panax ginseng decreased significantly compared to that of control rats (0.162±0.047 vs.0.248±0.038 g,P<0.05); in addition,compared to the control rats,those exposed to 250 mg/kg oligopeptide showed significantly decreased serum TNF-α (202.4±17.3 vs.309.9±16.1 ng/L),IL-1β (21.4±2.4 vs.46.2±2.6 ng/L),and NO (31.5±2.5 vs.36.2±3.1μmol/L) and increased IL-10 (68.4±3.9 vs.30.4±3.1 ng/L)and PGE2 (438.6±16.3 vs.354.2±10.2 ng/L)(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion Oligopeptide of Panax ginseng originated from Jilin province could attenuate chronic inflammation and the effect may relates to the decrease of pro-inflammatory factors and the increase of anti-inflammatory factors in rats.