Abstract: Objective To analyze the mortality of malignant tumor and years of potential life lost (YPLL) caused by malignant tumor in Sichuan province during 2004 and 2013 for the prevention and control of chronic diseases.Methods Death registry data for residents in 20 disease surveillance sentinel sites (12 districts and 8 counties) in Sichuan province during 2004-2013 were collected and the mortality of malignant tumor was analyzed.Crude mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,trend of mortality rate and YPLL were calculated and analyzed with DeathReg,Joinpoint 4.2.0.2 and SPSS 18.0.Results The mortality rate of malignant tumor in Sichuan province showed an upward trend,increasing from 129.66/100 000 in 2004 to 191.09/100 000 in 2013 (P<0.01);the mortality rates of malignant tumor were higher in the male residents than in the females,with the male to female ratios of 1.95-2.17:1 and the standardized mortality ratios of 1.85-2.05:1.From 2004 to 2013,the top 10 malignant tumors with higher mortalities in Sichuan province were lung cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,leukemia,breast cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,bladder cancer,and cervical cancer and the mortality of all the cancers showed an upward trend (P<0.01) except for gastric cancer.The YPLL caused by malignant tumor in 2004,2009,2013 were 157 532 years,204 171 years,and 196 413 years,while the YPLL rate were 14.04%,16.93%,and 15.83%,respectively.Conclusion Mortality of malignant tumor in Sichuan province showed an upward trend generally and lung,liver,and esophageal cancer were main contributors to YPLL due to malignant tumor.