Abstract: Objective To comprehend the morbility,rate and the risk factors of overweight and obesity in Shanxi province and provide the evidence to explore the intervention measures for over weight and obesity in the community.Methods A ccording to the cluster random sampling investigation principle,to extract 41 residents' communities and villages of nine areas of Shanxi province as the investigated spots,which were Taiyuan,Datong,Jinzhong,Yuncheng etc.In every spot,to carry out the relation study of overweight and obesity among the residents above 15 years old and long time inhabirants.Results There were 10 792 people in this investigation,including 4 721 male,6 071 female.The overweight morbidity rate was 26.8%.The male was 25.7%,the female was 27.8%.The obesity morbidity rate was 4.3%.The male was 3.5%.The female was 4.9%.The morbidity rate between men and women had statistics significance(χ²=5.99 and χ²=12 24,r=1,P<0.05).It was discovered that age,dietcustom,occupation,sex,drinking wine,smoking and so on had relation with BMI.The smoking assumed negative association by multiple linear regression.Conclusion The overweight and obesity in Shanxi province had a high morbidity,rate.This result implied that a comprehensive intervention should be taken in the prevention of overweight and obesity.