大气可吸入颗粒物对大鼠气道的致炎症作用研究

赵晓红; 刘红; 金昱; 金晓滨; 郭新彪; 毋维敏; 张炎

大气可吸入颗粒物对大鼠气道的致炎症作用研究

Effects of inhalable particle matters on airway inflammation of rats

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨城市大气颗粒污染物(PM₁₀)对大鼠肺脏的毒性作用, 并为进一步研究PM₁₀在诱发大鼠哮喘中的作用筛选敏感指标提供依据。
方法用MODEL120A型大容量采样器采集北京市城区颗粒物PM₁₀, 进行大鼠气管两次注入染毒。
结果染毒大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中细胞总数、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量均有升高, 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPX)活性降低, 并有剂量反应关系。PM₁₀染毒组大鼠肺匀浆上清液中ACP、GSHPx活性与对照组比较仅在高剂量组中差异有显着性意义(P < 0.0)。病理切片显示, PM₁₀可引起肺泡及细支气管结构损伤, 肺间质炎性细胞侵润, 嗜酸性粒细胞浸润明显增多, 并随染毒剂量增加炎性损伤作用加重。PM₁₀有自由基活性并可引起大鼠气道急性炎症反应。
结论 ACP、GSHPx可作为检测PM₁₀对大鼠气道炎性损伤的敏感指标。

Abstract:
Objective In order to study the mechanism of the airway inflammation induced by the inhalable particle matter (PM₁₀), the toxicity effects of PM₁₀ collected from Beijing urban area on rat s airway were assessed by intratracheal instillation.
Methods PM₁₀ was collected by MODEL-120A in Beijing urban areas.After rats were treated by PM₁₀ twice, samples were obtained.
Results The total number of inflammatory cells, the concentration or activities of acid phosphatase(ACP), alkaline phosphatase(AKP) and malondiadehyde(MDA)in BALF in PM1-0treated groups were increased in a dose-respondent manner, while glutathion-peroxidase (GSH-Px)was decreased compared with control group.The activities of ACP and GSH-Px in lung homogenate of the highest doses group were significantly different from that in control group.The results of histopathological analysis indicated that PM₁₀ can cause airway injury and pathological changes, such as the damage of alveolar septum, bronchial epithelium in a dose dependent way.The infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung matrix, especially eosinophilia was observed.These studies suggested that PM₁₀ had free radical activity and caused lung inflammation and epithelial injury.
Conclusion ACP and GSH-PX may be considered as sensitive indicatior of toxic effect of PM₁₀ on rat s airway inflammation.

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